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Ochratoxin A and citrinin nephrotoxicity in New Zealand White rabbits: an ultrastructural assessment

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Abstract

In the present investigation, ochratoxin A (OTA) (0.75 mg/kg feed) and citrinin (CIT) (15 mg/kg feed) were fed alone and in combination to young growing New Zealand White rabbits for 60 days to evaluate renal ultrastructural alterations. The severity and intensity of renal ultrastructural changes varied with the type of the treatment, and predominant and consistent lesions were recorded in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) lining cells. The significant changes in mitochondria, the most affected cell organelle in all the treatment groups, included mitochondrial disintegration and distortion, pleomorphism, cluster formation and misshapen appearance such as signet ring, dumbbell, cup and U shapes. Intra-cisternal sequestrations of involuting mitochondria, and thickening of basal layer of PCT epithelial cells with partial detachment, were the characteristic features observed in OTA and combination treatments. CIT treatment revealed crenated nucleus, loss of nucleolus, depletion of cytoplasmic organelles, mitochondrial pleomorphism, nuclear fragmentation, uniform folding of cell membrane and cytoplasmic vacuolations in the PCTs. Focal thickening of the glomerular basement membrane and degeneration of endothelial cells were the prominent alterations in the glomeruli in OTA and combination treatments. Distal convoluted tubules were unaffected in CIT treatment, however, mild to moderate lesions were observed in OTA and combination treated rabbits. It may be concluded that on simultaneous exposure, CIT potentiated the toxic effects of OTA on renal ultrastructure.

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Abbreviations

BM:

basement membrane

CIT:

citrinin

DCT:

distal convoluted tubule

FP:

foot processes of podocytes

ICS:

intra-cisternal sequestration

IS:

interstitial space

Lu:

lumen

M:

mitochondria

Mv:

microvilli

N:

nucleus

OTA:

ochratoxin A

PCT:

proximal convoluted tubule

RER:

rough endoplasmic reticulum

US :

urinary space

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mycotic and Mycotoxic Disease Laboratory, Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, IVRI Road, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India

    Manoj Kumar, Prabhaker Dwivedi, Anil K. Sharma, Nittin Dev Singh & Rajendra D. Patil

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  1. Manoj Kumar
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  2. Prabhaker Dwivedi
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  3. Anil K. Sharma
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  4. Nittin Dev Singh
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  5. Rajendra D. Patil
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Correspondence to Prabhaker Dwivedi.

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Part of M.V.Sc thesis research work of first author, Deemed University, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122 (U. P.), India.

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Kumar, M., Dwivedi, P., Sharma, A.K. et al. Ochratoxin A and citrinin nephrotoxicity in New Zealand White rabbits: an ultrastructural assessment. Mycopathologia 163, 21–30 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-006-0079-9

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