Abstract
Using multimedia sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can significantly enhance the capability of WSNs for event description. Different kinds of holes can easily appear in WSNs. How to efficiently transmit multimedia streaming data and bypass all kinds of holes is a challenging issue. Moreover, some applications do not need WSNs to work for a long lifetime, e.g. monitoring an erupting volcano. These applications generally expect that WSNs can provide continuous streaming data during a relatively short expected network lifetime. Two basic problems are: (1) gathering as much data as possible within an expected network lifetime; (2) minimizing transmission delay within an expected network lifetime. In this paper, we proposed a cross-layer approach to facilitate the continuous one shot event recording in WSNs. We first propose the maximum streaming data gathering (MSDG) algorithm and the minimum transmission delay (MTD) algorithm to adjust the transmission radius of sensor nodes in the physical layer. Following that the two-phase geographical greedy forwarding (TPGF) routing algorithm is proposed in the network layer for exploring one/multiple optimized hole-bypassing paths. Simulation results show that our algorithms can effectively solve the identified problems.
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Notes
In [21], the authors proved that GPSR does not always find the routing path when the routing path actually exists.
This realization steps are summarized from the GPSR source code at http://www.j-sim.org/contribute/jsim-gpsr1.01.tgz. The Math.atan2 function used here actually hides the complexity of the real computation. The real computation of Right Hand Rule can be as complex as shown in http://sip.deri.ie/wiki/upload/leishu/doc/REALIZATION_STEPS_OF_RIGHT_HAND_RULE.doc.
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Acknowledgment
The work presented in this paper was supported by the Lion project supported by Science Foundation Ireland under grant no. SFI/02/CE1/I131. Thanks to Dr. Song Ci’s kind help and comments.
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An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0099-4
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Shu, L., Zhang, Y., Zhou, Z. et al. Transmitting and Gathering Streaming Data in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks Within Expected Network Lifetime. Mobile Netw Appl 13, 306–322 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0088-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-008-0088-7