Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Regeneration pattern of four threatened tree species in Sudanian savannas of Burkina Faso

  • Published:
Agroforestry Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Research was carried out on four threatened tree species across north and south Sudanian phytogeographical zones in Burkina Faso. A quantitative inventory of regeneration populations was completed and sapling dynamics were monitored through surveys of survival and growth in permanent plots. Laboratory and nursery experiments were carried out to test germination and the performance of transplanted seedlings. Results revealed difficulties that saplings faced during their development. In natural stands of Sterculia setigera and Afzelia africana, saplings were rare or irregularly distributed. A greater number of individuals of Bombax costatum were observed, which was the only species with significant density variation between phytogeographical zones (p = 0.021). Size class showed irregular population structures. A high mortality between the first and second year, followed by a stabilization trend, was observed. The initial height of saplings was highly correlated to their survival rate. The rate of new sapling spontaneous recruitment was better in Bombax costatum and Boswellia dalzielii stands, but heir growth was unpredictable in all species. Most saplings grew from lignotubers and root suckers; however, the potential for sexual reproduction was good. Sterculia setigera and Bombax costatum seedlings showed potential for use in silviculture, as evidenced by the fact that both showed high post-transplantation rates of survival and growth.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agnew CT, Chappell A (1999) Drought in the Sahel. GeoJournal 48:299–311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Helal AA (1996) Studies on germination of Rumex dentatus L. seeds. J Arid Environ 33:39–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bationo BA, Ouédraogo SJ, Guinko S (2001a) Longévité des graines et contraintes à la survie des plantules d’Afzelia africana Sm. dans une savane boisée du Burkina Faso. Ann For Sci 58:69–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bationo BA, Ouédraogo SJ, Guinko S (2001b) Stratégies de regeneration naturelle de Detarium microcarpum Guill. Et Perr. dans la forêt classée de Nazinon (Burkina Faso). Fruit 56:256–271

    Google Scholar 

  • Belem B (2009) Ethnobotanique et conservation de Bombax costatum Pel. & Vuil. (faux kapokier) dans les systèmes de production agricoles du Plateau Central, Burkina Faso. Dissertation, University of Ouagadougou

  • Belem B, Boussim IJ, Bellefontaine R, Guinko S (2008) Stimulation du drageonnage de Bombax costatum par blessure des racines au Burkina Faso. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 295:71–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellefontaine R, Edelin C, Ichaou A, du Laurens D, Monssarat A, Loquai C (2000) Le drageonnage, alternative aux semis et aux plantations de ligneux dans les zones semi-arides: protocole de recherches. Sécheresse-Science et Changements planetaires. Numéro spécial Désertification 11:221–226

  • Bognounou F, Tigabu M, Savadogo P, Thiombiano A, Boussim IJ, Oden PC, Guinko S (2010) Regeneration of five Combretaceae species along a latitudinal gradient in Sahelo-Sudanien zone of Burkina Faso. Ann For Sci 67:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danthu P, Ndongo M, Diaou M, Thiam O, Sarr A, Dedhiou B, Ould Mohamed Vall A (2003) Impact of bushfire on germination of some West African acacias. For Ecol Manage 173:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dauro D, Mohamed-Saleem MA, Gintzburger G (1997) Recruitment and survival of native annual Trifolium species in the highlands of Ethiopia. Afr J Ecol 35:1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson IK, Lengkeek A, Weber JC, Jamnadass R (2009) Managing genetic variation in tropical trees: linking knowledge with action in agroforestry ecosystems for improved conservation and enhanced livelihoods. Biodivers Conserv 18:969–986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson MB, Whigham DF, Hermann SM (2000) Tree regeneration in felling and natural tree fall disturbances in a semideciduous tropical forest in Mexico. For Ecol Manage 134:137–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fontes J, Guinko S (1995) Carte de la végétation et de l’occupation du sol du Burkina Faso. Notice explicative. Ministère de la Coopération Française. Projet Campus (88 313 101), Toulouse

  • Ganaba S, Ouadba JM, Bognounou O (1998) Les ligneux à usage de bois d’énergie en région sahélienne du Burkina Faso: préférence des groupes ethniques. Sécheresse 9:261–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Gijsbers HJM, Kessler JJ, Knevel MK (1994) Dynamic and natural regeneration of woody species in farmed parklands in the Sahelian region (Province of Passoré, Burkina Faso). For Ecol Manage 64:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glele Kakaï R, Assogbadjo AE, Sinsin B, Pelz D (2009) Structure spatiale et régénération naturelle de Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. en zone soudanienne au Bénin. Revue Ivoirienne des Sciences et Technologie 13:199–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Guinko S, Pasgo LJ (1992) Récolte et commercialisation des produits non ligneux des essences forestières locales dans le département de Zitenga, province d’Oubritenga, Burkina Faso. Etudes flore et végétation du Burkina Faso et pays avoisinants 1:47–56

  • Higgins IS, Shackleton MC, Robinson RE (1999) Changes in woody community structure and composition under contrasting land use systems in semi-arid savanna, South Africa. J Biogeogr 26:619–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann AW (1998) Postburn reproduction of woody plants in a neotropical savanna: the relative importance of sexual reproduction and vegetative reproduction. J Appl Ecol 35:422–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kambou S (1997) Etude de la biologie de reproduction de Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill. et Per. au Burkina Faso. Dissertation, University of Ouagadougou

  • Lykke AM (1998) Assessment of species composition change in savanna vegetation by mean of woody plant’s size class distribution and local information. Biodivers Conserv 7:1261–1275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lykke AM, Kristensen MK, Ganaba S (2004) Valuation of local use and dynamics of 56 woody species in the Sahel. Biodivers Conserv 13:1961–1990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mbayngone E, Thiombiano A (2011) Dégradation des aires protégées par l’exploitation des ressources végétales: cas de la réserve partielle de faune de Pama, Burkina Faso (Afrique de l’Ouest). Fruit 66:187–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mertz O, Lykke AM, Reenberg A (2001) Importance and seasonality of vegetable consumption and marketing in Burkina Faso. Econ Bot 55:276–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministère des ressources animales (2004) Deuxième enquête nationale sur les effectifs du cheptel. Résultats et analyses. Direction des Etudes et de la Planification, Ouagadougou

  • Mueller RC, Scudder CM, Porter ME, Trotter T III, Gehring CA, Whitham TG (2005) Differential tree mortality in response to severe drought: evidence for long-term vegetation shifts. J Ecol 93:1085–1093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson SE, Tucker CJ, Ba MB (1998) Desertification, drought, and surface vegetation: an example from the West African Sahel. Bull Am Meteor Soc 79:815–829

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ouédraogo A (2006) Diversité et dynamique de la végétation ligneuse de la partie orientale du Burkina Faso. Dissertation, University of Ouagadougou

  • Ouédraogo A, Thiombiano A, Hahn-Hadjali K, Guinko S (2005) Utilisations, état des peuplements et régénération de 5 espèces ligneuses utilitaires dans l’Est du Burkina Faso. Homme. In: Boussim IJ, Lykke AM, Nombré I, Nielsen I, Guinko S (eds) Plantes et Environnement au Sahel Occidental, Serein Occasional Paper 19. Aarhus, pp 173–183

  • Ouédraogo A, Thiombiano A, Hahn-Hadjali K, Guinko S (2006a) Régénération sexuée de Boswellia dalzielii Hutch., un arbre médicinal de grande valeur au Burkina Faso. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques 289:41–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouédraogo A, Thiombiano A, Hahn-Hadjali K, Guinko S (2006b) Diagnostic de l’état de dégradation des peuplements de quatre espèces ligneuses en zone soudanienne du Burkina Faso. Sécheresse 17:485–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouédraogo A, Thiombiano A, Hahn-Hadjali K, Guinko S (2006c) Structure du peuplement juvénile et potentialités de régénération des ligneux dans l’Est du Burkina Faso. Etudes flore et végétation du Burkina Faso et pays avoisinants 10:17–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Ouédraogo O, Thiombiano A, Hahn-Hadjali K, Guinko S (2009) Diversité et dynamique de la végétation ligneuse du Parc National d’Arly (Burkina Faso). Candollea 64:257–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Puig H, Fabre A, Gauquelin T (1998) Distribution spatiale des plantules et des jeunes plants d’Iryanthera hostmannii (Benth.) Warb. en forêt tropicale humide de Guyane française. Sciences de la Vie/Life Sciences 321:429–435

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen K, Fog B, Madsen JE (2001) Desertification in reverse? Observations from northern Burkina Faso. Global Environ Change 11:271–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schütz W, Milberg P (1997) Seed germination in Launaea arborescens: a continuously flowering semi-desert shrub. J Arid Environ 36:113–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Setterfield SA (2002) Seedling establishment in an Australian tropical savanna: effects of seed supply, soil disturbance and fire. J Appl Ecol 39:949–956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinsin B, Eyog Matig O, Assogbadjo AE, Gaoué AG, Sinadouwirou T (2004) Dendrometric characteristics as indicators of pressure of Afzelia africana Sm. dynamic changes in trees found in different climatic zones of Benin. Biodivers Conserv 13:1555–1570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sop TK, Oldeland J, Schmieldel U, Ouédraogo I, Thiombiano A (2010) Population structure of tree woody species in four ethnic domains of the sub-Sahel of Burkina Faso. Land Degrad Develop. doi:10.1002/ldr.1026

    Google Scholar 

  • Terrible M (1984) Essai sur l’écologie et la sociologie d’arbres et arbustes de Haute-Volta

  • Thiombiano A, Wittig R, Guinko S (2003) Conditions de multiplication sexuée chez les Combretaceae du Burkina Faso. Rev Ecol (Terre Vie) 58:361–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Traoré SA (1998) Quelques caractéristiques de la régénération naturelle des espèces ligneuses du Parc National du Niokolo Koba (Sénégal Oriental), In: Bâ AT, Madsen JE, Sambou B (eds) Végétation et Biodiversité au Sahel. AAU Report, Aarhus, pp 275–288

  • Tremblay FM, Bergeron Y, Lalonde D, Maufette Y (2002) The potential effects of sexual reproduction and seedling recruitment on the maintenance of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) populations at the northern limit of the species range. J Biogeogr 29:365–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weber JC, Larwanou M, Abasse TA, Kalinganire A (2008) Growth and survival of Prosopis africana provenances tested in Niger and related to rainfall gradients in the West African Sahel. For Ecol Manage 256:585–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White F (1983) Vegetation map of Africa. A descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Paris

  • White RP, Tunstall D, Henninger N (2002) An ecosystem approach to drylands: building support for new development policies. World Resources Institute. Information Policy Brief No 1. Washington, DC

  • WRB (2006) World reference base for soil resources 2006. A framework for international classification, correlation and communication. FAO, Rome

  • Zida D, Sawadogo L, Tigabu M, Tiveau D, Odén PC (2007) Dynamics of sapling population in savanna woodlands of Burkina Faso subjected to grazing, early fire and selective tree cutting for a decade. For Ecol Manage 243:102–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zida D, Tigabu M, Sawadogo L, Odén PC (2008) Initial seedling morphological characteristics and field performance of two Sudanian savanna species in relation to nursery production period and watering regimes. For Ecol Manage 225:2151–2162

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Our thanks go to the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research through BIOTA (Biodiversity Monitoring Transect Analysis in Africa) program for funding this research. We are very grateful to our field assistant Nicolas Thiombiano who helped us in data collection and also to Dr. Ross Bayton for his assistance in improvement of the written English. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers whose pertinent comments considerably improved the quality of our paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Biologie et Écologie Végétales, UFR Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Ouagadougou, 09 BP 848, Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso

    Amadé Ouédraogo & Adjima Thiombiano

Authors
  1. Amadé Ouédraogo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adjima Thiombiano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amadé Ouédraogo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ouédraogo, A., Thiombiano, A. Regeneration pattern of four threatened tree species in Sudanian savannas of Burkina Faso. Agroforest Syst 86, 35–48 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9505-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-012-9505-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation