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Intracellular lipid accumulation and shift during diabetes progression

Ektope Fettspeicherung bei Insulinresistenz und Diabetes Mellitus Typ 2

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Summary

In past decades, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease developed into a global public health disease with an endemic scale. Although up to now the pathogenesis of T2DM is still poorly understood, ectopic lipid accumulation is one of the strongest predictors for T2DM and is closely associated with insulin resistance.

This review aims (i) to overview recent literature on the impact of intracellular lipid deposition, (ii) to point out changes in ectopic fat accumulation during diabetes progression or shortly after initializing individual therapy, and finally (iii) to expose unsolved questions and future perspectives in the role of ectopic lipids for the development of insulin resistance and T2DM.

Zusammenfassung

Studien legen Nahe, dass die ektope Ablagerung von Lipiden in insulinsensitiven Organen wie dem Skelettmuskel oder der Leber eine entscheidende Rolle in der Entstehung von Insulinresistenz und Typ 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) spielt.

Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist es daher, einerseits i) einen Überblick über die rezente Datenlage zu metabolischen Auswirkungen ektoper Fettspeicherung zu geben, ii) die Möglichkeiten einer Beeinflussung der ektopen Fettspeicherung durch Lebensstilmodifikation oder medikamentöse Therapie darzustellen, sowie iii) auf zukünftige Problemstellungen wie die Bedeutung der Zusammensetzung der ektop gespeicherten Fettsäuren näher einzugehen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Peter Wolf MD, Yvonne Winhofer MD, PhD,  Christian-Heinz Anderwald MD, Martin Krššák PhD & Michael Krebs MD

  2. High Field MR-Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Martin Krššák PhD

  3. Metabolic Unit, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Research Council, Padova, Italy

    Christian-Heinz Anderwald MD

  4. Mariahilf Community Pharmacy, 9601, Arnoldstein, Austria

    Christian-Heinz Anderwald MD

  5. Medical Direction, Specialized Hospital Complex Agathenhof, 9322, Micheldorf, Austria

    Christian-Heinz Anderwald MD

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  1. Peter Wolf MD
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  2. Yvonne Winhofer MD, PhD
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  3. Christian-Heinz Anderwald MD
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  4. Martin Krššák PhD
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  5. Michael Krebs MD
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Correspondence to Michael Krebs MD.

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Wolf, P., Winhofer, Y., Anderwald, CH. et al. Intracellular lipid accumulation and shift during diabetes progression. Wien Med Wochenschr 164, 320–329 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-014-0292-y

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