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Ploidy distribution and DNA content variations of Lonicera caerulea (Caprifoliaceae) in Japan

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Abstract

Ploidy level and geographical distribution were investigated in Japanese Lonicera caerulea L. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the presence of DNA diploid and DNA tetraploid plants in Japan. Chromosome observation confirmed that diploid and tetraploid plants showed 2n = 2x = 18 and 2n = 4x = 36, respectively. The DNA diploid populations were found only in lowland mires, Betsukai, Bekanbeushi, Kushiro and Kiritappu located in eastern Hokkaido. On the other hand, DNA tetraploid populations were distributed in a wide area of Hokkaido, and mainland of Japan. The habitats of DNA tetraploid plants were lowland to alpine region. The DNA content measurement with flow cytometry revealed significant differences in the relative DNA contents among DNA tetraploid populations. The relative DNA content within DNA tetraploid populations varied 1.157-fold at maximum, and might correlate with altitude indicating that DNA contents were smaller as altitude increases. The wide area of distribution in various environments of DNA tetraploid plants suggested the adaptability of the tetraploid plants. Although diploid and tetraploid populations were found, no triploid was detected, indicating crossing difficulty between diploid and tetraploid as confirmed by crossing experiment.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Drs. K. Sahara and F. Shibata for their valuable suggestions on chromosome observation. We also thank to Drs. T. Sato and Y. Wakita (Hokkaido Forestry Research Institute) and “Nikko Botanical Garden”, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, and Shibetsu Town for providing plant materials of Lonicera caerulea. We are very grateful to A. Takai (Kiritappu Wetland Center) and T. Shibuya (Akkeshi Waterfowl Observation Center) for their helps in collecting the plant materials. We gratefully acknowledge Prof. H. Nakashima, H. Hori, H. Tamura, M. Ikuta, H. Nakano, S. Takamushi and T. Takahashi for the technical assistances on the University farms. This work was supported in part by grants from Takeda Scientific foundation, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of Lake Akkeshi and Bekanbeushi Wetland, a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports Science and Technology (MEXT), and Global COE Program “Establishment of Center for Integrated Field Environmental Science”, MEXT, Japan.

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  1. Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 11, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0811, Japan

    Tomomi Miyashita, Hajime Araki & Yoichiro Hoshino

  2. Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita 11, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0811, Japan

    Yoichiro Hoshino

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  1. Tomomi Miyashita
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  2. Hajime Araki
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Correspondence to Yoichiro Hoshino.

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Miyashita, T., Araki, H. & Hoshino, Y. Ploidy distribution and DNA content variations of Lonicera caerulea (Caprifoliaceae) in Japan. J Plant Res 124, 1–9 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-010-0341-6

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