Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Secondary tumors of the pancreas: an analysis of a surgical and autopsy database and review of the literature

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Virchows Archiv Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The vast majority of pancreatic carcinomas are primary, and, among these, more than 90% are of ductal origin. However, a variety of extrapancreatic tumors may involve the pancreas secondarily and may manifest different clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes. In this study, pathology material from 973 surgical specimens and 4955 adult autopsy cases was reviewed to identify the tumors metastatic to or secondarily involving the pancreas. Biliary and periampullary neoplasms and tumors confined to peripancreatic soft tissue were excluded. In the autopsy series, the pancreas was involved by tumor in 190 cases, and 81 of these were secondary tumors. These were predominantly of epithelial origin, most commonly from lung (34), followed by GI tract (20), kidney (4), breast (3), liver (2), ovary (1), and urinary bladder (1). In addition, there were six tumors of hematopoietic origin, two melanomas, two sarcomas, and two mesotheliomas. Among the 973 surgical specimens, 38 cases contained metastatic tumors to the pancreas. Of these, 11 were lymphomas, and the others were carcinomas of stomach (7), kidney (6), lung (2), liver, prostate, ovary, uterus (1 case of each), and a Merkel cell carcinoma. In addition, there were three malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors and one retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma. In conclusion, lung cancer is the most common source of metastasis to pancreas, followed by gastrointestinal carcinomas and lymphomas. These tumors are usually seen in patients with disseminated disease and are detected mainly in autopsies. Secondary tumors constitute about 4% of pancreatic specimens in the authors’ surgical database. Approximately one-third of them are clinically mistaken as primary tumors of the pancreas. These are predominantly hematopoietic malignancies or carcinomas of renal or gastric origin. Secondary tumors should be entertained in both the clinical and pathological differential diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8a, b

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abbas MA, Collins JM, Mulligan DC (2001) Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to pancreas. Am J Surg 182:183–184

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Alcala Pedrajas JN, Jimenez Murillo L, Clemente Millan MJ (1996) Retroperitoneal liposarcoma with lung, skin and pancreatic metastases. Arch Bronconeumol 32:313–315

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Audisio RA, La Monica G (1985) Solitary pancreatic metastasis occurring 20 years after nephrectomy for carcinoma of the kidney. Tumori 71:197–200

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Avisse C, Flament JB, Deville J et al (1994) Late and multiple endocrine metastases of an adenocarcinoma of the kidney. Chirurgie 120:50–53

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Azzarelli A, Clemente C, Quagliuolo V et al (1982) A case of pancreatoduodenectomy as resolutive treatment for a solitary metastasis of breast cancer. Tumori 68:331–335

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bachmeyer C, Alovor G, Chatelain D et al (2002) Cystic metastasis of the pancreas indicating relapse of Merkel cell carcinoma. Pancreas 24:103–105

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Barras JP, Baer H, Stenzl A et al (1996) Isolated late metastasis of a renal cell cancer treated by radical distal pancreatectomy. HPB Surg 10:51–54

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Behrns KE, Sarr MG, Strickler JG (1994) Pancreatic lymphoma: is it a surgical disease? Pancreas 9:662–667

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bell HG, David R, Shamsuddin AM (1982) Extrahepatic biliary obstruction and liver failure secondary to myeloma of the pancreas. Hum Pathol 13:940–942

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Biset JM, Laurent F, de Verbizier G et al (1991) Ultrasound and computed tomographic findings in pancreatic metastases. Eur J Radiol 12:41–44

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Boudghene FP, Deslandes PM, LeBlanche AF et al (1994) US and CT imaging features of intrapancreatic metastases. J Comput Assist Tomogr 18:905–910

    Google Scholar 

  12. Brodish RJ, McFadden DW (1993) The pancreas as the solitary site of metastasis from melanoma. Pancreas 8:276–278

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Butturini G, Bassi C, Falconi M et al (1998) Surgical treatment of pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinomas. Dig Surg 15:241–246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Calmes JM, Meyer A (1993) Pancreatic hypernephroma manifested by a duodenal hemorrhage. Rev Med Suisse Romande 113:629–631

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Carini M, Selli C, Barbanti G et al (1988) Pancreatic late recurrence of bilateral renal cell carcinoma after conservative surgery. Eur Urol 14:258–260

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Charnsangavej C, Whitley NO (1993) Metastases to the pancreas and peripancreatic lymph nodes from carcinoma of the right side of the colon: CT findings in 12 patients. Am J Roentgenol 160:49–52

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Cubilla LA, Fitzgerald PJ (1984) Tumors of the exocrine pancreas, 19th volume, 2nd edn. Armed Forces Institute Pathology, Washington, DC

  18. Derias NW, Chong WH (1993) Fine needle aspiration diagnosis of a late solitary pancreatic metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma. Cytopathology 4:369–372

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Diaz Dominguez J, Rodriguez Alvarez de la Marina J, Galindo Garcia A et al (1993) Solitary metachronous pancreatic metastasis of renal adenocarcinoma. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 83:467–469

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Diederich S, Wernecke K, Lohnert J et al (1993) Pancreatic metastases: sonographic and computed tomographic findings. Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr 158:325–331

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Dousset B, Andant C, Guimbaud R et al (1995) Late pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography. Surgery 117:591–594

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Fabre JM, Rouanet P, Dagues F et al (1995) Various features and surgical approach of solitary pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 21:683–686

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Franciosi RA, Russo JF (1969) Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas thirteen years following nephrectomy. Mil Med 134:200–203

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Fritscher-Ravens A, Sriram PV, Krause C et al (2001) Detection of pancreatic metastases by EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration. Gastrointest Endosc 53:65–70

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Germain M, Strich M, Chaput JC et al (1976) Obstructive jaundice caused by pancreatic metastasis from an ocular nevocarcinoma operated on 30 years previously. Arch Fr Mal App Dig 65:307–311

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ghavamian R, Klein KA, Stephens DH et al (2000) Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas: clinical and radiological features. Mayo Clin Proc 75:581–585

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Glass RJ, Eftekhari F, Kleinerman ES et al (1996) Osteosarcoma metastatic to the pancreas in young patients. Clin Radiol 51:293–294

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gohji K, Matsumoto O, Kamidono S (1990) Solitary pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Hinyokika Kiyo—Acta Urol Jpn 36:677–681

  29. Gutman M, Inbar M, Klausner JM (1993) Metastases-induced acute pancreatitis: a rare presentation of cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 19:302–304

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Guttman FM, Ross M, Lachance C (1972) Pancreatic metastasis of renal cell carcinoma treated by total pancreatectomy. Archiv Surg 105:782–784

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hermanutz KD, Sonnenberg GE (1977) Late metastasis of a hypernephroid kidney carcinoma to the pancreas with tumor invasion to the duodenum. ROFO Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Nuklearmed 127:595–597

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Hiotis SP, Klimstra DS, Conlon KC et al (2002) Results after pancreatic resection for metastatic lesions. Ann Surg Oncol 9:675–679

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Hirata S, Yamaguchi K, Bandai S et al (2002) secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the pancreas. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 9:111–115

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Jenssen E (1952) A metastatic hypernephroma to the pancreas. Acta Chir Scand 104:177–180

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Jobran R, Baloch ZW, Aviles V et al (2000) Tall cell papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: metastatic to the pancreas. Thyroid 10:185–187

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Johansson H, Krause U, Olding L (1970) pancreatic metastases from a malignant melanoma. Scand J Gastroenterol 5:573–575

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Johnson DH, Hainsworth JD, Greco FA (1985) Extrahepatic biliary obstruction caused by small-cell lung cancer. Ann Int Med 102:487–490

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Kishimoto H, Nimura Y, Okamoto K et al (1985) A case of resected renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases. Gan No Rinsho—Jpn J Cancer Clin 31:91–96

    Google Scholar 

  39. Klein KA, Stephens DH, Welch TJ (1998) CT characteristics of metastatic disease of the pancreas. Radiographics 18:369–378

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Klöppel G, Heitz PU (1984) Pancreatic pathology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 108

  41. Komoda H, Nishida T, Yumiba T et al (2002) Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pancreas—a case report and case review. Virchows Arch 440:334–337

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Koniaris LG, Lillemoe KD, Yeo CJ et al (2000) Is there a role for surgical resection in the treatment of early-stage pancreatic lymphoma? J Am Coll Surg 190:319–330

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Krouwer HG, Vollmerhausen J, White J et al (1991) Desmoplastic medulloblastoma metastatic to the pancreas: case report. Neurosurgery 29:612–616

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Ladouch A, Fabre M, Vieillefond A et al (1975) Malignant melanoma occurring on a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Pancreatic metastasis. Arch Anat Pathol 23:217–220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Lankisch PG, Lohr A, Kunze E (1987) Acute metastasis-induced pancreatitis in bronchial carcinoma. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 112:1335–1337

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Le Borgne J, Partensky C, Glemain P et al (2000) Pancreaticoduodenectomy for metastatic ampullary and pancreatic tumors. Hepatogastroenterology 47:540–544

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Lee JS, Kim HS, Jung JJ et al (2001) Ancient schwannoma of the pancreas mimicking a cystic tumor. Virchows Arch 439:697–699

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Leger L, Bondel P, Charpentier Y et al (1974) Secondary cancer of the pancreas of cystic form. J Chir (Paris) 108:195–202

    Google Scholar 

  49. Levine M, Danovitch SH (1973) Metastatic carcinoma to the pancreas. Another cause for acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 60:290–294

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Lüttges J, Mentzel T, Hubner G et al (1999) Solitary fibrous tumour of the pancreas: a new member of the small group of mesenchymal pancreatic tumours. Virchows Arch 435:37–42

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Marcote Valdivieso E, Arlandis Felix F, Baltasar A et al (1993) Synchronous pancreatic metastasis of renal carcinoma. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 83:471–473

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Marquand J, Giraud B, Maliakas S (1971) Pancreatic metastasis revealing a kidney neoplasm. J Urol Nephrol 77:595–601

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Matsukuma S, Suda K, Abe H et al (1997) Metastatic cancer involving pancreatic duct epithelium and its mimicry of primary pancreatic cancer. Histopathology 30:208–213

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. McLatchie GR, Imrie CW (1981) Acute pancreatitis associated with tumour metastases in the pancreas. Digestion 21:13–17

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Mehta SA, Jagannath P, Krishnamurthy SC et al (1991) Isolated pancreatic metastasis from locally controlled breast cancer: a case report. Indian J Cancer 28:48–50

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Melo CR, Melo IS, Monteiro AZ et al (1992) Pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Arq Gastroenterol 29:110–112

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Merkle EM, Bender GN, Brambs HJ (2000) Imaging findings in pancreatic lymphoma: differential aspects. AJR Am J Roentgenol 174:671–675

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Mikhail MG, Lim KB (1989) Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma metastasizing to the pancreas in pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 68:467–468

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Mossner J, Wagner T, Wunsch PH et al (1982) Differential diagnosis of pancreatitis: metastasis to the pancreas. Leber Magen Darm 12:165–170

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Mountney J, Maury AC, Jackson AM et al (1997) Pancreatic metastases from breast cancer: an unusual cause of biliary obstruction. Eur J Surg Oncol 23:574–576

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Mulligan ME, Fellows DW, Mullen SE (1997) Pancreatic metastasis from Ewing’s sarcoma. Clin Imaging 21:23–26

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Muranaka T, Teshima K, Honda H et al (1989) Computed tomography and histologic appearance of pancreatic metastases from distant sources. Acta Radiol 30:615–619

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Nakamura E, Shimizu M, Itoh T et al (2001) Secondary tumors of the pancreas: clinicopathological study of 103 autopsy cases of Japanese patients. Pathol Int 51:686–690

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Nishida O, Matsunaga Y, Dekigai H et al (1991) Three elderly cases of renal cell carcinoma with pancreatic metastasis. Nippon Ronen Igakki Zasshi—Jpn J Geriatr 28:392–396

    Google Scholar 

  65. Onishi T, Ohishi Y, Iizuka N et al (1995) Clinical characteristics of 7 renal cell carcinoma patients developing a solitary pancreatic metastasis after nephrectomy. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi—Jpn J Urol 86:1538–1542

    Google Scholar 

  66. Opocher E, Galeotti F, Spina GP et al (1982) Diagnosis of secondary tumors of the pancreas. Analysis of 13 cases. Minerva Medica 73:577–581

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Palazzo L, Borotto E, Cellier C et al (1996) Endosonographic features of pancreatic metastases. Gastrointest Endosc 44:433–436

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Pappo I, Feigin E, Uziely B et al (1991) Biliary and pancreatic metastases of breast carcinoma: is surgical palliation indicated? J Surg Oncol 46:211–214

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Paz A, Koren R, Gal R et al (1996) Late solitary pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma. Isr J Med Sci 32:1319–1321

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Piccinini EE, Ugolini G, Rosati G et al (1996) Solitary pancreatic metastasis of renal cell cancer treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy: a case report. Cancer Control 3:466–468

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Pietsch JB, Shankar S, Ford C et al (2001) Obstructive jaundice secondary to lymphoma in childhood. J Pediatr Surg 36:1792–1795

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Reale D, Squillaci S, Guarino M et al (1993) Late pancreatic metastasis of renal carcinoma. Description of 2 cases and review of the literature. Minerva Urol Nefrol 45:183–186

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Reinhard H, Hill K (1977) Tryptic pancreatitis in small-cell bronchial carcinoma (Author’s Translation). Dtsch Med Wochensch 102:797–799

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Robbins EG II, Franceschi D, Barkin JS (1996) Solitary metastatic tumors to the pancreas: a case report and review of the literature. Am J Gastroenterol 91:2414–2417

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Roland CF, van Heerden JA (1989) Nonpancreatic primary tumors with metastasis to the pancreas. Surg Gynecol Obstet 168:345–347

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Rubin E, Dunham WK, Stanley RJ (1985) Pancreatic metastases in bone sarcomas: CT demonstration. J Comput Assist Tomogr 9:886–888

    Google Scholar 

  77. Rumancik WM, Megibow AJ, Bosniak MA et al (1984) Metastatic disease to the pancreas: evaluation by computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 8:829–834

    Google Scholar 

  78. Safadi R, Pappo O, Okon E et al (1996) Merkel cell tumor in a woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 20:509–511

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Saitoh H, Hida M, Wakabayashi T et al (1982) Metastasis of urothelial tumors of the bladder: correlation between sites and number of organs involved. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 7:517–526

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Sauvanet A, Barthes T, Levy P et al (1993) Late pancreatic metastasis from renal cell carcinoma [Letter]. Pancreas 8:742–744

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Schumacher A (1993) Delayed diagnosis of ovarian cancer with metastasis to the pancreas. Zentralbl Gynakol 115:568–569

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Shinagawa Y, Suzuki T, Hamanaka Y et al (1992) Solitary pancreatic metastasis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma treated by distal pancreatectomy. Pancreas 7:726–730

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Simpson NS, Mulholland CK, Lioe TF et al (1989) Late, solitary metastatic renal carcinoma in the pancreas. Ulster Med J 58:198–199

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Skaarup P, Jorgensen T, Larsen S (1984) Asynchronous metastasizing renal cell carcinoma associated with progressive immune complex glomerulonephritis and proteinuria. Scand J Urol Nephrol 18:351–356

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Sohn TA, Yeo CJ, Cameron JL et al (2001) Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas: results of surgical management. J Gastrointest Surg 5:346–351

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Stankard CE, Karl RC (1992) The treatment of isolated pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: a surgical review. Am J Gastroenterol 87:1658–1660

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Sugimura H, Tamura S, Kodama T et al (1991) Metastatic pancreas cancer from the thyroid: clinical imaging mimicking non-functioning islet cell tumor. Radiat Med 9:167–169

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Tanabe S, Soeda S, Mukai T et al (1984) A case report of pancreatic metastasis of an intracranial angioblastic meningioma (hemangiopericytoma) and a review of metastatic tumor to the pancreas. J Surg Oncol 26:63–68

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Taziaux P, Dallemagne B, Delforge M et al (1994) An unusual case of clear-cell carcinoma of the pancreas. J Chir 131:86–89

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Temellini F, Bavosi M, Lamarra M et al (1989) Pancreatic metastasis 25 years after nephrectomy for renal cancer. Tumori 75:503–504

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Thompson LD, Heffess CS (2000) Renal cell carcinoma to the pancreas in surgical pathology material. Cancer 89:1076–1088

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Ueda K, Nagayama Y, Narita K et al (2000) Pancreatic involvement by non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 7:610–613

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Viliavin GD, Sarkisov DS, Daurova TT (1965) Metastasis from an ovarian cilioepithelial cyst to the pancreas (a case). Vopr Onkol 11:88–89

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Wastell C (1966) A solitary secondary deposit in the pancreas from a carcinoma of the cervix. Postgrad Med J 42:59–61

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Weerdenburg JP, Jurgens PJ (1984) Late metastases of a hypernephroma to the thyroid and the pancreas. Diagn Imaging Clin Med 53:269–272

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Wernecke K, Peters PE, Galanski M (1986) Pancreatic metastases: US evaluation. Radiology 160:399–402

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Willis RA (1973) The spread of tumors in the human body, 3rd edn. Butterworths, London, pp 216–217

  98. Wolfson P, Rybak BJ, Kim U (1978) Cystosarcoma phyllodes metastatic to the pancreas. Am J Gastroenterol 70:184–187

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Z’Graggen K, Fernandez-del Castillo C, Rattner DW et al (1998) Metastases to the pancreas and their surgical extirpation. Arch Surg 133:413–419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Zhao B, Kimura W, Futakawa N et al (1997) Renal cell carcinoma of the spindle cell type with metastasis to the pancreas: a case report. Jpn J Clin Oncol 27:58–61

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, The Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Harper Hospital, 3990 John R. Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA

    N. Volkan Adsay, Aleodor Andea, Olca Basturk, Nihal Kilinc, Hind Nassar & Jeanette D. Cheng

Authors
  1. N. Volkan Adsay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aleodor Andea
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Olca Basturk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Nihal Kilinc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hind Nassar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jeanette D. Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. Volkan Adsay.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Adsay, N.V., Andea, A., Basturk, O. et al. Secondary tumors of the pancreas: an analysis of a surgical and autopsy database and review of the literature. Virchows Arch 444, 527–535 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-004-0987-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-004-0987-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation