Abstract
A single longitudinal mode micro-electro-mechanical system-tunable vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) was used to measure H\(_{2}\)O and HF absorption spectra in the 1,321–1,354 nm range at 55 kHz repetition rate (\(\sim \)740 MHz/ns tuning rate). Pulse delay referencing was used to achieve an absorbance noise level of 0.004 (RMS), within a factor of 2.6 of the shot noise limit. The measured linewidths approach the low-pressure feature linewidths (\(\sim\)790 MHz) characteristic of the gases studied, highlighting the single-mode nature of the VCSEL throughout each rapid wavelength sweep. At even higher tuning rates, molecular features became asymmetric and broad, consistent with rapid passage and Fourier effects.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by U.S. Air Force contract number FA8650-10-C-2112. Development of the MEMS VCSEL at Praevium Research was supported by Thorlabs and NIH grant 2R44CA101067-05. The authors are grateful to Prof. Daniel van der Weide of the University of Wisconsin for his generous loan of the 12 GHz oscilloscope used in these experiments.
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Stein, B.A., Jayaraman, V., Jiang, J.Y. et al. Doppler-limited H2O and HF absorption spectroscopy by sweeping the 1,321–1,354 nm range at 55 kHz repetition rate using a single-mode MEMS-tunable VCSEL. Appl. Phys. B 108, 721–725 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-012-5135-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-012-5135-1