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New approach to online monitoring of the Al depth profile of the hot-dip galvanised sheet steel using LIBS

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Abstract

In this study a new approach to the online monitoring of the Al depth profile of hot-dip galvanised sheet steel is presented, based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The coating composition is measured by irradiating the traversing sheet steel with a series of single laser bursts, each at a different sheet steel position. An ablation depth in the same range as the coating thickness (about 10 μm) is achieved by applying a Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm in collinear double-pulse and triple-pulse mode. The ablation depth is controlled by adjusting the burst energy with an external electro-optical attenuator. A fingerprint of the depth profile is gained by measuring the LIBS signals from zinc, aluminium and iron as a function of the burst energy, and by post-processing the data obtained. Up to three depths can be sampled simultaneously with a single laser burst by measuring the LIBS signals after each pulse within the laser burst. A concept for continuously monitoring the Al depth profile during the galvanising process is presented and applied to different hot-dip galvanised coatings. The method was tested on rotating sheet steel disks moving at a speed of up to 1 m/s. The potential and limitations of the new method are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. S. Janssen, ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG (TKS), Germany; E. Leunis, OCAS, Belgium and P. Sanchez, ITMA, Spain for provision of different sheet steel samples and the analysis of the samples before and after the LIBS measurements. We also acknowledge the co-operation with Dr. M. Hemmerlin, Arcelor Research, France. Financial support by the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the Fraunhofer Society is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik (ILT), Steinbachstrasse 15, 52074, Aachen, Germany

    Herbert Balzer, Manuela Hoehne, Reinhard Noll & Volker Sturm

Authors
  1. Herbert Balzer
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  2. Manuela Hoehne
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  3. Reinhard Noll
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  4. Volker Sturm
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Correspondence to Herbert Balzer.

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Balzer, H., Hoehne, M., Noll, R. et al. New approach to online monitoring of the Al depth profile of the hot-dip galvanised sheet steel using LIBS. Anal Bioanal Chem 385, 225–233 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0347-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0347-z

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