Abstract
Six years ago, the inside–out transobturator tape TVT-O procedure was developed for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with the aim of minimizing the risk of urethra and bladder injuries and ensuring minimal tissue dissection. Initial feasibility and efficacy studies suggested that the TVT-O procedure is associated with high SUI cure rates and low morbidity at short term. A recent analysis of medium-term results indicated that the TVT-O procedure is efficient, with maintenance, after a 3-year minimum follow-up, of cure rates comparing favorably with those reported for TVT. No late complications were observed. As of July 2008, more than 35 clinical papers, including ten randomized trials and two national registries, have been published on the outcome of the TVT-O surgery. Results from these studies have confirmed that the TVT-O procedure is safe and as efficient as the TVT procedure, at least in the short/medium term.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ISD:
-
intrinsic sphincter deficiency
- LUT:
-
lower urinary tract
- LUTS:
-
lower urinary tract symptom
- POP:
-
pelvic organ prolapse
- PVR:
-
posvoid residual
- QOL:
-
quality of life
- SUI:
-
stress urinary incontinence
- TOT:
-
outside–in transobturator tape
- TVT:
-
tension-free vaginal tape
- TVT-O:
-
inside–out transobturator vaginal tape
- UTI:
-
urinary tract infection
- UUI:
-
urge urinary incontinence
References
Ulmsten U, Henriksson L, Johnson P, Varhos G (1996) An ambulatory surgical procedure under local anesthesia for treatment of female urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 7(2):81–85
Latthe PM, Foon R, Toozs-Hobson P (2007) Transobturator and retropubic tape procedures in stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and complications. BJOG 114(5):522–531
Nilsson CG, Palva K, Rezapour M, Falconer C (2008) Eleven years prospective follow-up of the tension-free vaginal tape procedure for treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19:1043–1047
Sergent F, Sebban A, Verspyck E (2003) Per- and postoperative complications of TVT (tension-free vaginal tape). Prog Urol 13(4):648–655
Hermieu JF (2003) Complications of the TVT technique. Prog Urol 13(3):459–465
Delorme E (2001) Transobturator urethral suspension: mini-invasive procedure in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women. Prog Urol 11(6):1306–1313
Dargent D, Bretones S, George P, Mellier G (2002) Insertion of a suburethral sling through the obturator membrane in the treatment of female urinary incontinence. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 30(7–8):576–582
Delmas V, Hermieu JF, Dompeyre P (2003) The uratape transobturator sling in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: mechanism of action. Eur Urol (suppl) 2(1):196
Delmas V, Hermieu JF, Dompeyre P (2003) The transobturator slingtape uratape: anatomical dangers. Eur Urol (suppl) 2(1):197
Hermieu JF, Messas A, Delmas V et al (2003) Bladder injury after TVT transobturator. Prog Urol 13(1):115–117
Delorme E (2003) Re: plaie vésicale après bandelette trans-obturatrice by Hermieu et al. (Prog Urol 13:115–117, 2003). Prog Urol 13(1):117
Costa P, Grise P, Droupy S (2004) Surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence with a trans-obturator-tape (T.O.T.) Uratape®: short term results of a prospective multicentric study. Eur Urol 46(1):102–106
Minaglia S, Ozel B, Klutke C, Ballard C, Klutke J (2004) Bladder injury during transobturator sling. Urology 64(2):376–377
Krauth JS, Rasoamiaramanana H, Barletta H (2005) Sub-urethral tape treatment of female urinary incontinence–morbidity assessment of the trans-obturator route and a new tape (I-STOP): a multi-centre experiment involving 604 cases. Eur Urol 47(1):102–106
Kuhn A (2004) Re: Novel surgical technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: transobturator vaginal tape inside–out (de Leval J. Eur Urol 2003;44:724–30). Eur Urol 46(1):136
Roumeguere T, Quackels T, Bollens R (2005) Trans-obturator vaginal tape (TOT) for female stress incontinence: one year follow-up in 120 patients. Eur Urol 48(5):805–809
de Leval J (2004) Re: Novel surgical technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: transobturator vaginal tape inside–out (de Leval J. Eur Urol 2003;44:724–30). Eur Urol 46(1):134–137
Cindolo L, Salzano L, Rota G, Bellini S, D’Afiero A (2004) Tension-free transobturator approach for female stress urinary incontinence. Minerva Urol Nefrol 56(1):89–98
Fischer A, Fink T, Zachmann S, Eickenbusch U (2005) Comparison of retropubic and outside–in transoburator sling systems for the cure of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. Eur Urol 48(5):799–804
Pardo J, Ricci P, Sola Dalenz V, Tacla Fernandez X (2006) Trans-obturator-tape (TOT) for the surgical repair of stress urinary incontinence: our experience. Arch Esp Urol 59(3):225–32
Smith PP, Appell RA (2007) Transobturator tape, bladder perforation, and paravaginal defect: a case report. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(1):99–101
Grise P, Droupy S, Saussine C (2006) Transobturator tape sling for female stress incontinence with polypropylene tape and outside–in procedure: prospective study with 1 year of minimal follow-up and review of transobturator tape sling. Urology 68(4):759–763
Abdel-Fattah M, Ramsay I, Pringle S (2006) Lower urinary tract injuries after transobturator tape insertion by different routes: a large retrospective study. BJOG 113(12):1377–1381
Jasaitis Y, Sergent F, Tanneau Y, Marpeau L (2007) Vesicovaginal fistula after transobturator tape. Prog Urol 17(2):253–255
Busby G, Broome J (2007) Necrotising fasciitis following unrecognised bladder injury during transobturator sling procedure. BJOG 114(1):111–112
Domingo S, Alama P, Ruiz N (2007) Transobturator tape procedure outcome: a clinical and quality of life analysis of a 1-year follow-up. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(8):895–900
Purnichescu V, Cheret-Benoist A, Eboue C, Von Theobald P (2007) Surgical treatment for female stress urinary incontinence by transobturator tape (outside in). Study of 70 cases. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 36(5):415–8
Starkman JS, Meints L, Scarpero HM, Dmochowski RR (2007) Vesicovaginal fistula following a transobturator midurethral sling procedure. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(1):113–115
Juma S, Brito CG (2007) Transobturator tape (TOT): two years follow-up. Neurourol Urodyn 26(1):37–41
Liapis A, Bakas P, Creatsas G (2008) Monarc vs TVT-O for the treatment of primary stress incontinence: a randomized study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(2):185–190
Barry C, Lim YN, Muller R (2008) A multi-centre, randomised clinical control trial comparing the retropubic (RP) approach versus the transobturator approach (TO) for tension-free, suburethral sling treatment of urodynamic stress incontinence: the TORP study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(2):171–178
Poza JL, Pla F, Sabadell J (2008) Trans-obturator suburethral tape for female stress incontinence: a cohort of 254 women with 1-year to 2-year follow-up. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 87(2):232–239
Tamussino K, Hanzal E, Kolle D (2007) Transobturator tapes for stress urinary incontinence: results of the Austrian registry. Am J Obstet Gynecol 197(6):634 e1–634 e5
Costantini E, Lazzeri M, Giannantoni A (2008) Preoperative Valsava leak point pressure may not predict outcome of mid-urethral slings. Analysis from a randomized controlled trial of retropubic versus transobturator mid-urethral slings. Int Braz J Urol 34(1):73–81
de Leval J (2003) Novel surgical technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: transobturator vaginal tape inside–out. Eur Urol 44(6):724–730
de Leval J, Waltregny D (2005) New surgical technique for treatment of stress urinary incontinence: TVT-Obturator: new developments and results. Surg Tech Int 14:212–221
de Leval J, Bonnet P, Waltregny D (2007) TVT-O, a novel minimally invasive technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence from development to clinical experience. Rev Med Liege 62:86–94
Bonnet P, Waltregny D, Reul O, de Leval J (2005) Transobturator vaginal tape inside–out (TVT-O) for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: anatomical considerations. J Urol 173(4):1223–1228
Reisenauer C, Kirschniak A, Drews U, Wallwiener D (2006) Transobturator vaginal tape inside–out. A minimally invasive treatment of stress urinary incontinence: surgical procedure and anatomical conditions. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 127(1):123–129
Hinoul P, Vanormelingen L, Roovers JP, de Jonge E, Smajda S (2007) Anatomical variability in the trajectory of the inside–out transobturator vaginal tape technique (TVT-O). Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(10):1201–1206
de Leval J (2004) Reply to V. Delmas; Re: novel surgical technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: transobturator vaginal tape inside–out. Eur Urol 46(1):134–136
Waltregny D, Reul O, Bonnet P, de Leval J (2004) Inside-out transobturator vaginal tape (TVT-O): short-term results of a prospective study. Neurourol Urodyn 23(5–6):428–429
Waltregny D, Reul O, Mathantu B (2006) Inside out transobturator vaginal tape for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: interim results of a prospective study after a 1-year minimum followup. J Urol 175(6):2191–2195
Waltregny D, Gaspar Y, Reul O (2008) TVT-O for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: results of a prospective study after a 3-year minimum follow-up. Eur Urol 53(2):401–408
Lo TS, Horng SG, Liang CC, Lee SJ, Soong YK (2004) Ultrasound assessment of mid-urethra tape at three-year follow-up after tension-free vaginal tape procedure. Urology 63(4):671–675
Debodinance P, Delporte P, Engrand JB, Boulogne M (2002) Tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) in the treatment of urinary stress incontinence: 3 years experience involving 256 operations. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 105(1):49–58
Olsson I, Kroon U (1999) A three-year postoperative evaluation of tension-free vaginal tape. Gynecol Obstet Invest 48(4):267–269
Ulmsten U, Johnson P, Rezapour M (1999) A three-year follow up of tension free vaginal tape for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 106(4):345–350
Meltomaa S, Backman T, Haarala M (2004) Concomitant vaginal surgery did not affect outcome of the tension-free vaginal tape operation during a prospective 3-year followup study. J Urol 172(1):222–226
Jakimiuk AJ, Maciejewski T, Fritz A (2007) Surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence using the tension-free vaginal tape-obturator system (TVT-O) technique. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 135(1):127–131
Collinet P, Ciofu C, Costa P (2008) The safety of the inside–out transobturator approach for transvaginal tape (TVT-O) treatment in stress urinary incontinence: French registry data on 984 women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(5):711–715
Meschia M, Bertozzi R, Pifarotti P (2007) Peri-operative morbidity and early results of a randomised trial comparing TVT and TVT-O. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(11):1257–1261
Laurikainen E, Valpas A, Kivela A (2007) Retropubic compared with transobturator tape placement in treatment of urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 109(1):4–11
Lee KS, Choo MS, Lee YS (2008) Prospective comparison of the ‘inside–out’ and ‘outside–in’ transobturator-tape procedures for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(4):577–582
Chen HY, Yeh LS, Chang WC, Ho M (2007) Analysis of risk factors associated with surgical failure of inside–out transobturator vaginal tape for treating urodynamic stress incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(4):443–447
de Leval J (2004) Reply to A. Kuhn; Re: novel surgical technique for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: transobturator vaginal tape inside–out. Eur Urol 46(1):136–137
Neuman M (2007) TVT and TVT-obturator: comparison of two operative procedures. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 131(1):89–92
Melki E, Monnier B, Richard S, Hocke C (2007) Surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence by suburethral transobturator tape. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 35(2):96–100
Atassi Z, Reich A, Rudge A, Kreienberg R, Flock F (2008) Haemorrhage and nerve damage as complications of TVT-O procedure: case report and literature review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 277(2):161–164
Juang CM, Yu KJ, Chou P (2007) Efficacy analysis of trans-obturator tension-free vaginal tape (TVT-O) plus modified Ingelman-Sundberg procedure versus TVT-O alone in the treatment of mixed urinary incontinence: a randomized study. Eur Urol 51(6):1671–1679
Feng CL, Chin HY, Wang KH (2008) Transobturator vaginal tape inside out procedure for stress urinary incontinence: results of 102 patients. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19:1423–1427
Neuman M (2007) TVT-obturator: short-term data on an operative procedure for the cure of female stress urinary incontinence performed on 300 patients. Eur Urol 51(4):1083–1087
Lim JL, Quinlan DJ (2006) Safety of a new transobturator suburethral synthetic sling (TVT-O) procedure during the training phase. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 28(3):214–217
Debodinance P (2006) Trans-obturator urethral sling for surgical correction of female stress urinary incontinence: Outside-in (Monarc) versus inside–out (TVT-O). Are both ways safe? J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 35(6):571–577
Lee KS, Han DH, Choi YS (2007) A prospective trial comparing tension-free vaginal tape and transobturator vaginal tape inside–out for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: 1-year followup. J Urol 177(1):214–218
Liapis A, Bakas P, Giner M, Creatsas G (2006) Tension-free vaginal tape versus tension-free vaginal tape obturator in women with stress urinary incontinence. Gynecol Obstet Invest 62(3):160–164
Charalambous S, Touloupidis S, Fatles G (2008) Transvaginal vs transobturator approach for synthetic sling placement in patients with stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(3):357–360
Descazeaud A, Salet-Lizee D, Villet R (2007) TVT-O treatment of stress urinary incontinence: immediate and one-year results. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 35(6):523–529
Long CY, Hsu CS, Lo TS (2008) Ultrasonographic assessment of tape location following tension-free vaginal tape and transobturator tape procedure. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 87(1):116–121
Murphy M, van Raalte H, Mercurio E (2008) Incontinence-related quality of life and sexual function following the tension-free vaginal tape versus the “inside–out” tension-free vaginal tape obturator. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(4):481–487
Sola Dalenz V, Pardo J, Ricci P, Guiloff E, Chiang H (2007) TVT versus TVT-O for minimally invasive surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence. Int Braz J Urol 33(2):246–253
Yang CH, Chan PH, Lai SK (2007) A retrospective study comparing tension-free vaginal tape and transobturator suburethral tape for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence—a preliminary report. J Chin Med Assoc 70(12):541–544
Araco F, Gravante G, Sorge R (2008) TVT-O vs TVT: a randomized trial in patients with different degrees of urinary stress incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(7):917–926
Rinne K, Laurikainen E, Kivela A et al (2008) A randomized trial comparing TVT with TVT-O: 12-month results. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19:1049–1054
Zullo MA, Plotti F, Calcagno M et al (2007) One-year follow-up of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and trans-obturator suburethral tape from inside to outside (TVT-O) for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a prospective randomised trial. Eur Urol 51(5):1376–1382
Zhu L, Lang J, Hai N, Wong F (2007) Comparing vaginal tape and transobturator tape for the treatment of mild and moderate stress incontinence. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 99(1):14–17
O’Connor RC, Nanigian DK, Lyon MB (2006) Early outcomes of mid-urethral slings for female stress urinary incontinence stratified by valsalva leak point pressure. Neurourol Urodyn 25(7):685–688
Lim J, Cornish A, Carey MP (2006) Clinical and quality-of-life outcomes in women treated by the TVT-O procedure. BJOG 113(11):1315–1320
Sun MJ, Chen GD, Lin KC (2006) Obturator hematoma after the transobturator suburethral tape procedure. Obstet Gynecol 108(3 Pt 2):716–718
Richards SR, Balaloski SP (2006) Vulvar hematoma following a transobturator sling (TVT-O). Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(6):672–673
But I, Faganelj M (2008) Complications and short-term results of two different transobturator techniques for surgical treatment of women with urinary incontinence: a randomized study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19:857–861
Whiteside JL, Walters MD (2004) Anatomy of the obturator region: relations to a trans-obturator sling. Int Urogyn J 15(4):223–226
Haensel A, Naumann G, Hohle P, Rommens PM, Koelbl H (2007) Osteomyelitis following a transobturator sling (TVT-O). BJOG 114(12):1577–1579
Babalola EO, Famuyide AO, McGuire LJ, Gebhart JB, Klingele CJ (2006) Vaginal erosion, sinus formation, and ischiorectal abscess following transobturator tape: ObTape implantation. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(4):418–421
Karsenty G, Boman J, Elzayat E, Lemieux MC, Corcos J (2007) Severe soft tissue infection of the thigh after vaginal erosion of transobturator tape for stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(2):207–212
Deval B, Ferchaux J, Berry R (2006) Objective and subjective cure rates after trans-obturator tape (OBTAPE) treatment of female urinary incontinence. Eur Urol 49(2):373–377
Abdel-Fattah M, Sivanesan K, Ramsay I, Pringle S, Bjornsson S (2006) How common are tape erosions? A comparison of two versions of the transobturator tension-free vaginal tape procedure. BJU Int 98(3):594–598
Mahajan ST, Kenton K, Bova DA, Brubaker L (2006) Transobturator tape erosion associated with leg pain. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(1):66–68
Robert M, Murphy M, Birch C, Swaby C, Ross S (2006) Five cases of tape erosion after transobturator surgery for urinary incontinence. Obstet Gynecol 107(2):472–474
Onyeka BA, Ogah J (2006) Vaginal tape erosion following transobturator tape (TOT) operation for stress urinary incontinence. J Obstet Gynaecol 26(8):802–803
Goldman HB (2006) Large thigh abscess after placement of synthetic transobturator sling. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(3):295–296
Albouy B, Sambuis C, Andreou A, Sibert L, Grise P (2004) Can transobturator tape for urinary incontinence cause complete urinary retention? Prog Urol 14(2):189–191
Boustead GB (2002) The tension-free vaginal tape for treating female stress urinary incontinence. BJU Int 89(7):687–693
Barry C, Naidu A, Lim Y (2006) Does the MONARC transobturator suburethral sling cause post-operative voiding dysfunction? A prospective study. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(1):30–34
Song C, Park SH, Han JY, Lee KS, Choo MS (2008) Identification of the optimal time to treat urgency after a midurethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 19(4):573–576
Roth TM (2007) Management of persistent groin pain after transobturator slings. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 18(11):1371–1373
Bourrat M, Armand C, Seffert P, Tostain J (2003) Complications and medium-term functional results of TVT in stress urinary incontinence. Prog Urol 13(6):1358–1364
Kuhn A, Burkhard F, Eggemann C, Mueller MD (2008) Sexual function after suburethral sling removal for dyspareunia. Surg Endosc (in press)
Mora Hervas I, Amat Tardiu L, Martinez Franco E, Lailla Vicens JM (2007) Analysis of the efficacy and complications of the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence: retropubic and transobturator TVT. Our experience. Arch Esp Urol 60(9):1091–1098
Jeon MJ, Jung HJ, Chung SM, Kim SK, Bai SW (2008) Comparison of the treatment outcome of pubovaginal sling, tension-free vaginal tape, and transobturator tape for stress urinary incontinence with intrinsic sphincter deficiency. Am J Obstet Gynecol 199(1):76 e1–76 e4
Conflicts of interest
Both authors declare that no funding agreement or conflict of interest limited their ability fairly to complete and publish this review. There has been no extra-institutional funding. The University of Liège owns the TVT-O patent. Jean de Leval and David Waltregny are consultants for Ethicon Women’s Health and Urology.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Waltregny, D., de Leval, J. The TVT-obturator surgical procedure for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: a clinical update. Int Urogynecol J 20, 337–348 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-008-0753-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-008-0753-1