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Ovarialkarzinom

Diagnostik und Primärtherapie

Ovarian cancer

Diagnostics and primary therapy

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Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Das Ovarialkarzinom ist die sechsthäufigste Krebserkrankung der Frau. Derzeit gibt es keine bildgebende Diagnostik, welche die Tumorausbreitung und somit die Operabilität verlässlich einschätzen kann. Das Tumorstadium bei Erstdiagnose und die Therapiequalität sind die wichtigsten Prognosefaktoren. Beim frühen Ovarialkarzinom ist neben der Entfernung des Primärtumors und aller makroskopisch erkennbaren Tumormanifestationen ein sorgfältiges Staging der gesamten Abdominalhöhle erforderlich. Bei frühem Ovarialkarzinom Stadium FIGO I−IIA, außer Stadium FIGO IA, G1, ist eine platinhaltige Chemotherapie indiziert. Beim fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinom ist der postoperative Tumorrest entscheidend für den weiteren Verlauf. Patientinnen mit kompletter Tumorresektion haben ein signifikant längeres Überleben als Patientinnen, bei denen ein Tumorrest am Ende der Operation verbleibt (Median fünf Jahre). Im Anschluss an die Operation ist die Kombinationstherapie aus Carboplatin und Paclitaxel Standard. Ab Stadium FIGO IIIB–IV kann zusätzlich Bevacizumab gegeben werden.

Abstract

Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common form of cancer in women in Germany. The main prognostic factors are the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis as well as the quality of therapy. In early ovarian cancer meticulous staging of the entire abdominal cavity in addition to resection of the primary tumor and all visible tumor manifestations are required. In patients with early ovarian cancer International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I-IIA, with the exception of FIGO stage IA, platinum-based chemotherapy is indicated. In cases of advanced ovarian cancer the patient prognosis is essentially determined by the extent of tumor mass reduction at the time of primary surgery. Patients with complete tumor resection have a significantly longer survival time compared to patients with residual tumor mass at the end of surgical treatment (median 5 years). Following surgery a combination of carboplatin with paclitaxel is the standard chemotherapeutic regimen. In FIGO stage IIIB–IV addition of bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy is an option.

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Interessenkonflikt

Die korrespondierende Autorin weist für sich und ihren Koautor auf folgende Beziehung/en hin: Die Autorin ist als Referentin für die Firma Roche tätig.

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Correspondence to B. Schmalfeldt.

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Teile dieses Beitrags wurden bereits in dem Buchkapitel Schmalfeldt B (2013) Aktuelles zu Diagnostik und Primärtherapie des Ovarialkarzinoms, in: Gschwend JE, Nüssler V (Hrsg) Tumorzentrum München Jahrbuch 2013, Agileum, München, S 31−47, veröffentlicht.

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Schmalfeldt, B., Burges, A. Ovarialkarzinom. Gynäkologe 46, 255–266 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3092-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-012-3092-8

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