Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Restoration ecology of riverine wetlands: I. A scientific base

  • Research
  • Published:
Environmental Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ecological restoration is a recent discipline that should be conducted scientifically and rigorously to move from a trial-and-error process to a predictive science to increase its success and the self-sustainability of restored ecosystems. The recent research developments in ecosystem dynamics allow scientists to provide a strong theoretical base for restoration ecology. Most large rivers have been degraded and managed by various agencies, but riverine wetlands are now recognized as providing numerous valuable functions. Numerous opportunities are available to ecologically restore wetlands disappearing through terrestrialization. After a brief description and discussion of several restoration projects carried out in riverine wetlands, we propose precise recommendations for future restoration projects, which should include the following essential steps: (1) increase restoration legitimacy with a team of interdisciplinary scientists working on the project—it can thus be conducted on a strong theoretical base derived from recent ecological concepts; (2) define precise and correct restoration mission, goals, and objectives, and appropriate performance indicators of restoration success or failure; and (3) monitor ecosystem changes both before and after the restoration, and compare these changes with changes observed in reference ecosystems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Adamus, P. R., and L. T. Stockwell. 1983. A method for wetland functional assessment, 2 vol. Federal Highway Administration Report No. FHWA-IP-82-23 and FHWA-IP-82-24. US Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, 181 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amoros, C. 1991. Changes in side-arm connectivity and implications for river system management.Rivers 2:105–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amoros, C., and G. E. Petts (eds.). 1993. Hydrosystèmes fluviaux. Masson, Paris, 300 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amoros, C., and A. L. Roux. 1988. Interaction between water bodies within the floodplains of large rivers: Function and development of connectivity.Münstersche Geographische Arbeiten 29:125–130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amoros, C., J. C. Rostan, G. Pautou, and J. P. Bravard. 1987a. The reversible process concept applied to the environmental management of large river systems.Environmental Management 11:607–617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amoros, C., A. L. Roux, J. L. Reygrobellet, J. P. Bravard, and G. Pautou. 1987b. A method for applied ecological studies of fluvial hydrosystems.Regulated Rivers 1:17–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronson, J., C. Floret, E. Le Floc'h, C. Ovalle, and R. Pontanier. 1993. Restoration and rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems in aird and semi-arid lands. I. A view from the South.Restoration Ecology 1:8–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berger, J. J. 1992. The Kissimmee riverine-floodplain System. Pages 477–496in National Research Council (ed.), Restoration of aquatic ecosystems: Science, technology, and public policy. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berryman, A. A., M. A. Valenti, M. J. Harris, and D. C. Fulton. 1992. Ecological engineering: An idea whose time has come?Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7:268–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Björk, S. 1992. Principles and methods for the restoration of shallow lakes and wetlands. Pages 56–60in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia, International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Blandin, P., and M. Lamotte. 1985. Écologie des systèmes et aménagement: fondements théoriques et principes méthodologiques. Pages 139–162in M. Lamotte (ed.), Fondements rationnels de l'aménagement d'un territoire. Masson, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornette, G., C. Amoros, and D. Chessel. 1994. Effect of allogenic processes on successional rates in former river channels.Journal of Vegetation Science 5:237–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Botterweg, J., and M. J. J. Kerkhofs. 1994. Barriers for ecological rehabilitation of the River Meuse in the Netherlands.Water Science and Technology 29:371–373.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bournaud, M., and C. Amoros. 1984. Des indicateurs biologiques aux descripteurs de fonctionnement: quelques exemples dans un système fluvial.Bulletin d'Écologie 15:57–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, A. D. 1983. The reconstruction of ecosystems.Journal of Applied Ecology 20:1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bravard, J. P., C. Amoros, and G. Pautou. 1986. Impact of civil engineering works on the successions of communities in a fluival system. A methodological and predictive approach applied to a section of the Upper Rhône River, France.Oikos 47:92–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, R. P. 1990. Wetland and waterbody restoration and creation associated with mining. Pages 529–548in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, J., Jr. 1988a. Increasing diversity by restoring damaged ecosystems. Pages 333–343in E. O. Wilson (ed.), Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, J., Jr. 1988b. Restoration ecology: the new frontier. Pages 1–11in J. Cairns, Jr. (ed.), Rehabilitating damaged ecosystems, Vol. I. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairns, J., Jr. 1994. Ecological integrity of aquatic systems (abstract). Page 5in International conference: Sustaining the ecological integrity of large floodplain rivers: Application of ecological knowledge to river management, Conference abstracts, 12–15 July 1994. La Crosse, Wisconsin.

  • Carbiener, R. 1992. État actuel des connectivités entre le Rhin et sa bande riveraine. Pages 38–43in Conférence Permanente des Réserves Naturelles (ed.), Actes du séminaire Gestion et restauration des milieux fluviaux, 12 June 1992. Mulhouse, France.

  • Conners, M. E., and R. Naiman. 1984. Particulate allochthonous inputs: Relationships with stream size and undisturbed watershed.Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 41:1473–1484.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, P. 1990. The turbulent boundary between water science and water management.Freshwater Biology 24:201–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Mars, H., and M. J. Wassen. 1993. The impact of landscape-ecological research on local and regional preservation and restoration strategies.Ekológia 12:227–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denny, P. 1992. An approach to the development of environmentally sensitive action plans for river floodplain management in Central and Eastern Europe. Pages 46–49in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Dister, E. 1992. De la maîtrise des crues à la renaturation des zones inondables du Rhin supérieur. Pages 44–47in Conférence Permanente des Réserves Naturelles (ed.), Actes du séminaire Gestion et restauration des milieux fluviaux, 12 June 1992. Mulhouse, France.

  • Driessen, O., B. Pex, and H. H. Tolkamp. 1993. Restoration of a lake: First results and problems.Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandle Limnologie 25:617–620.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Durrer, H. 1992. Stratégie et concept de renaturation d'une partie de l'Obere et de la Mittlere Au en Petite Camargue Alsacienne. Pages 48–56in Conférence Permanente des Réserves Naturelles (ed.), Actes du séminaire Gestion et restauration des milieux fluviaux, 12 June 1992. Mulhouse, France.

  • Eiseltová, M. (ed.) 1994. Restoration of lake ecosystems: A holistic approach. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau publication number 32, 182 pp.

  • Erwin, K. L. 1990a. Freshwater marsh creation and restoration in the Southeast. Pages 233–265in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erwin, K. L. 1990b. Wetland evaluation for restoration and creation. Pages 429–458in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fairweather, P. G. 1993. Links between ecology and ecophilosophy, ethics and the requirements of environmental management.Australian Journal of Ecology 18:3–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feierabend, J. S. 1990. Prospects for increasing wetland resources by restoration and creation.Bulletin d'Écologie 21:7–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finlayson, C. M. and M. Moser (eds.). 1991. Wetlands. Facts On File Ltd., Oxford, 224 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foeckler, F. 1990. Charakterisicrung und Bewertung von Augewässern des Donauraums Straubing durch Wassermolluskengesellschaften. Berichte der Bayerische Akademie für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege, Laufen, Beiheft 7, 154 pp.

  • Goetghebeur, M. 1992. The Rhine-Meuse Water Agency's program for the protection of aquatic ecosystems. Pages 29–30in International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin (CHR) (ed.), Contributions to the European workshop: Ecological rehabilitation of floodplains, 22–24 September 1992. Arnhem, The Netherlands, Report number II-6 under the auspices of the CHR.

  • Gore, J. A. 1985. Mechanisms of colonization and habitat enhancement for benthic macroinvertebrates in restored river channels. Pages 91–101in J. A. Gore (ed.), The restoration of rivers and streams: Theories and experience. Butterworth, Stoneham, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groupe de Travail “Valorisation Agronomique des Zones Humides’. 1986. Terres et eaux: approches techniques pour conserver et mettre en valeur les zones humides. Centre d'Études des Systèmes et des Technologies Avancées, Paris, 239 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grumbine, R. E. 1994. What is ecosystem management?Conservation Biology 8:27–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havinga, H. 1992. Floodplain restoration: A challenge for river engineering. Pages 95–103in International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin (CHR) (ed.), Contributions to the European workshop: Ecological rehabilitation of floodplains, 22–24 September 1992. Arnhem. The Netherlands. Report number II-6 under the auspices of the CHR.

  • Henry, C. P., G. Bornette, C. Amoros. 1994. Differential effects of floods on the aquatic vegetation of braided channels of the Rhône River.Journal of the North American Benthological Society 13:439–467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henry, C. P., C. Amoros, and G. Bornette. 1995a. Species traits and recolonization processes after flood disturbances in riverine macrophytes.Vegetatio (in press).

  • Henry, C. P., C. Amoros, and Y. Giuliani. 1995b. Restoration ecology of riverine wetlands: II. An example in a former channel of the Rhône River.Environmental Management 19:903–913.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holcik, J., I. Bastl, M. Ertl, and M. Vranovsky. 1981. Hydrobiology and ichthyology of the Czechoslovak Danube in relation to predicted changes after the construction of the Gabcíkovo-Nagymaros river barrage system.Prace Laboratoria Rybarstva a Hydrobiologie 3:19–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollis, G. E., and T. A. Jones. 1991. Europe and the Mediterranean basin. Pages 27–56in C. M. Finlayson and M. Moser (eds.), Wetlands, Facts On File Ltd., Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Husák, S., and F. Krahulec. 1994. Monitoring successional and other changes in wetland plant communities. Pages 197–209in G. Aubrecht, G. Dick, and C. Prentice (eds.), Monitoring of ecological change in wetlands of Middle Europe. Proceedings of an international workshop, October 1993. Linz, Austria. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau publication number 30.

  • Imboden, D. M. 1992. Possibilities and limitations of lake restoration: Conclusions for Lake Lugano.Aquatic Sciences 54:381–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janauer, G. A. 1994. Monitoring aspects of interdisciplinary studies on the river Danube. Pages 109–112in G. Aubrecht, G. Dick, and C. Prentice (eds.), Monitoring of ecological change in wetlands of Middle Europe. Proceedings of an international workshop, October 1993. Linz, Austria. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau publication number 30.

  • Jensen, S. E., and W. S. Platts. 1990. Restoration of degraded riverine/riparian habitat in the Great Basin and Snake River regions. Pages 367–404in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Junk, W. J., P. B. Bayley, and R. E. Sparks. 1989. The flood pulse concept in river-floodplain systems.In D. P. Dodge (ed.), Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium.Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 106:110–127.

  • Kentula, M. E., R. P. Brooks, S. E. Gwin, C. C. Holland, A. D. Sherman, and J. C. Sifneos. 1992. An approach to improving decision making in wetland restoration and creation. A. J. Hairston (ed.). Island Press, Washington, DC. 151 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruckzynski, W. L. 1990. Mitigation and the Section 404 program: A perspective. Pages 549–554in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kusler, J. A., and M. E. Kentula (eds.). 1990. Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC, 591 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lammens, E. H. R. R., and E. Marteijn, 1992. Ecological rehabilitation of floodplains, the state of the art. A synthesis of the workshop in Arnhem, September 1992. Pages 183–186in International Commission for the Hydrology of the Rhine basin (CHR) (ed.), Contributions to the European workshop: Ecological rehabilitation of floodplains, 22–24 September 1992. Arnhem, The Netherlands. Report number II-6 under the auspices of the CHR.

  • Larson, J. S. 1990. Adquacy of the science base for wetland restoration and creation.Bulletin d'Écologie 21:11–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, T. 1994. Contröle des roseux et conservation des zones humides.Bulletin Mensuel de l'Office National de la Chasse 189:18–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, R. R., III. 1990. Wetlands restoration/creation/enhancement terminology: Suggestions for standardization. Pages 417–422in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisicky, M. J. 1992. Management and monitoring of the Dauubian floodplains in Czechoslovakia. Pages 23–26in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Loucks, O. L. 1990. Restoration of the pulse control function of wetlands and its relationship to water quality objectives. Pages 467–477in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie, S. H. 1993. Ecosystem management in the Great Lakes: Some observations from three RAP sites.Journal of Great Lakes Research 19:136–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McCutcheon, S. C., and T. M. Walski. 1994. Ecological engineers: Friend or foe?Ecological Engineering 3:109–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michelot, J. L. 1994. Gestion et suivi des milieux fluviaux: l'expérience des réserves naturelles. Réserves Naturelles de France, Paris, 440 pp.

  • Mitsch, W. J. 1993. Ecological engineering: A cooperative role with the planetary life-support system.Environmental Science and Technology 27:438–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitsch, W. J. 1994. Ecological engineering: A friend.Ecological Engineering 3:112–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitsch, W. J., and S. E. Jørgensen (eds.) 1989. Ecological engineering: An introduction to ecotechnology. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 472 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Møller, H. S. 1992. Restoration and rehabilitation of wetlands in Denmark. Pages 61–64in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Müller, R., and H. J. Meng. 1990. The fate of the fish populations in the river Rhine after the Schweizerhalle accident. Pages 405–421in R. Kinzelbach and G. Friedrich (eds.), Biologie des Rheins, Limnologie aktuell, 1. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naiman, R. J., and H. Décamps. 1990. The ecology and management of aquatic-terrestrial ecotones. Man, and biosphere series, vol. 4, Parthenon Press, London, 316 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naiman, R. J., H. Décamps, J. Pastor, and C. A. Johnston. 1988. The potential importance of boundaries to fluvial ecosystems.Journal of the North American Benthological Society 7:289–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council (ed.). 1992. Restoration of aquatic ecosystems: Science, technology, and public policy. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 552 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, R. W., R. S. Ambasht, Shardendu, C. Amoros, G. W. Begg, A. A. Bonetto, I. R. Wais, E. Dister, E. Wenger, C. M. Finlayson, J. K. Handoo, A. K. Pandit, K. M. Mavuti, D. Parish, and P. Savey. 1989. River floodplain and delta wetlands management team: A project of the World Wetlands Partnership. Pages 75–82in Proceedings of an international symposium on wetlands and river corridor management, 5–9 July 1989. Charleston, SC.

  • Obrdlík, P. 1992. Environmental impact assessment for the renaturalization of floodplains. Pages 41–45in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Odum, H. T. 1962. Man in the ecosystem.Bulletin of the Connecticut Agricultural Station 652:57–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, H. T. 1994. Ecological engineering: The necessary use of ecological self-design.Ecological Engineering 3:115–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, H. T., W. L. Silver, R. J. Beyers, and N. Armstrong. 1963. Experiments with engineering of marine ecosystems.Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, University of Texas 9:374–403.

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Sullivan, P. E., and H. M. Wilson. 1992. Evaluation of United Kingdom policies for the restoration of cutrophicated wetlands: the example of Slapton Ley, Devon. Pages 69–73in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Peterson, S. A. 1982. Lake restoration by sediment removal.Water Resources Bulletin 18:423–435.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pont, B., J. M. Faton, J. P. Klein, A. Ponsero, and P. Knibiely. 1992. Le réseau des réserves naturelles fluviales. Pages 3–14in Conférence Permanente des Réserves Naturelles (ed.), Actes du séminaire Gestion et restauration des milieux fluviaux, 12 June 1992. Mulhouse, France.

  • Robinson, A., and R. Marks. 1994. Restoring the Big River: A Clean Water Act blueprint for the Mississippi. Izaak Walton League of America, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, DC, 53 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiemer, F. 1992. Die Uferzone von Gewässern. Pages 105–118in H. Franz (ed.), Gewässer. Veröffentlichungen Humanök. Komm. 4, Austrian Academy of Sciences.

  • Schiemer, F. 1994. Monitoring of floodplains: limnological indicators. Pages 95–107in G. Aubrecht, G. Dick, and C. Prentice (eds.), Monitoring of ecological change in wetlands of Middle Europe. Proceedings of an international workshop, October 1993. Linz, Austria. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau publication number 30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiemer, F., and G. A. Janauer. 1994. Monitoring rivers and floodplains. Pages 93–94in G. Aubrecht, G. Dick, and C. Prentice (eds.), Monitoring of ecological change in wetlands of Middle Europe. Proceedings of an international workshop, October 1993. Linz, Austria, International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau publication number 30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiemer, F., T. Spindler, H. Wintersberger, A. Schneider, and A. Chovanec. 1991. Fish fry associations: Important indicators for the ecological status of large rivers.Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie 24:2497–2500.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoor, M. M. 1994. The relation between vegetation and hydrology/geomorphology in the Gemenc floodplain forest, Hungary.Water Science and Technology 29:289–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, W., and M. J. J. Kerkhofs. 1994. Ecological recovery of the River Meuse in the Netherlands.Water Science and Technology 29:319–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sparks, R. 1992. The Upper Mississippi River. Pages 406–412in National Research Council (ed.), Restoration of aquatic ecosystems: Science, technology, and public policy. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straskraba, M., and A. H. Gnauck (eds.). 1985. Freshwater ecosystems: Modelling and simulation. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 309 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uhlmann, D. 1983. Entwicklungstendenzen der Ökotechnologie.Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Technischen Universitat, Dresden 32:109–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Department of the Interior, National Park Service. 1991. A casebook in managing rivers for multiple uses. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 79 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Brink, F. W. B., and G. van der Velde. 1994. Impact of hydrology and water chemistry on floodplain lake communities along the Lower Rhine and Meuse.Water Science and Technology 29:57–60.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vanek, V. 1992. Restoration of agricultural watersheds: An overview. Pages 79–82in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Intergrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Vannote, R. L., G. W. Minshall, K. W. Cummins, J. R. Sedell, and C. E. Cushing. 1980. The river continuum concept.Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37:130–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vesilind, P. A. 1993. Future of environmental engineering.Journal of Environmental Engineering 119:595–599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, D. 1992. Planning for wetland restoration in the United Kingdom. Pages 74–78in C. M. Finlayson (ed.), Integrated management and conservation of wetlands in agricultural and forested landscapes. Proceedings of a workshop, 25–31 March 1992. Trebon, Czechoslovakia. International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research Bureau special publication number 22.

  • Welcomme, R. L. 1985. River fisheries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. Fisheries Technical Paper 262, 330 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willard, D. E., and A. K. Hiller. 1990. Wetland dynamics: Considerations for restored and created wetlands. Pages 459–466 in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zedler, J. B., and M. W. Weller. 1990. Overview and future directions. Pages 405–413in J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.), Wetland creation and restoration: The status of the science. Island Press, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. U.R.A.-C.N.R.S. 1974 Écologie des eaux douces et des grands fleuves, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, F-69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France

    Christophe P. Henry & Claude Amoros

Authors
  1. Christophe P. Henry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Claude Amoros
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Henry, C.P., Amoros, C. Restoration ecology of riverine wetlands: I. A scientific base. Environmental Management 19, 891–902 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02471940

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02471940

Key Words

Search

Navigation