Abstract
Hot springs and hydrothermal systems occurring within volcanic areas are inhabited by hyperthermophilic microorganisms, some of which grow at temperatures up to 110 °C. Hyperthermophiles grow anaerobically or aerobically by diverse metabolic types. Within the high temperature ecocystems, primary production is independent from solar energy.
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Segerer, A.H., Burggraf, S., Fiala, G. et al. Life in hot springs and hydrothermal vents. Origins Life Evol Biosphere 23, 77–90 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01581992
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01581992