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Evaluation of an automated DNA profiling system employing multiplex amplification of four tetrameric STR loci

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Summary

We have examined the performance and reproducibility of an automated DNA profiling system which is based on the multiplex amplification of 4 tetrameric STR loci — HUMVWFA31/A, HUMTH01, HUMF13A1 and HUMFES/FPS. The system was able to type 100 pg of purified, undegraded, genomic DNA. At lower concentrations of DNA (below 100 pg), allelec drop-out occurred due to stochastic differences in allele copy number. Minor variation of individual PCR reagent concentrations or cycling temperatures did not result in a significant effect on the efficiency of amplification of any of the 4 loci in the quadruplex system. More substantial variation of reagent concentrations or cycling temperatures outside the optimum range of the system resulted in a reduction or complete loss of signal for one or more loci. This was also observed at high ionic strength or extreme pH. However, under all reagent concentrations and conditions studied, no artefact bands that could potentially result in the mistyping of a sample were apparent within the read region (130–240 bases) of the gel. Evaluation of both native and denaturing polyacrylamide gels revealed that, although native gels displayed faster run times, the sizing precision of such gels for certain STR loci was lower than that of denaturing gels. Also, artefact bands may be present within the read region of native gels. In conclusion the quadruplex amplification system decribed, coupled with automated fluorescence-based detection on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, appeared to be a robust and reliable system for individual identification.

Zusammenfassung

Wir haben die Durchführbarkeit und die Reproduzierbarkeit eines automatisierten DNA-Profilierungs-Systems untersucht, welches auf einer Multiplex-Amplifikation von 4 tetramerischen STR-Loci beruht: HUMVWFA31/1, HUMTH01, HUMF13A1 und HUMFES/FPS. Das System war imstande, 100 pg gereinigter, undegradierter genomischer DNA zu typisieren. Bei geringeren Konzentrationen der DNA (unter 100 pg) kam Alle'-Verlust zustande, aufgrund stochastischer Unterschiede in der Zahl der Repeats pro Allel. Geringere Variationen der Konzentrationen einzelner PCR-Reagenzien oder der Temperatur-Bedingungen hatten keine offensichtliche Auswirkung auf die Effizienz der Amplifikation irgendeines der 4 Loci in dem Vierfach-System. Ausgeprägtere Variationen der Reagenz-Konzentrationen oder des Temperatur-Zyklus außerhalb des Optimalbereichs des Systems führte zu einer Reduktion oder zu einem Verlust der Signal-Stärke für einen oder mehrere Loci. Dies wurde auch bei hoher Ionenstärke oder extremen pH-Werten beobachtet. Jedoch wurden unter allen untersuchten Reagenz-Konzentrationen und Bedingungen keine Artefaktbanden beobachtet, die potentiell zu einer Fehltypisierung einer Probe innerhalb der abgelesenen Region (130–240 Basen) des Gels führen konnten. Die Auswertung von nativen und denaturierenden Polyacrylamid-Gelen zeigte, daß, obwohl native Gele schnellere Laufzeiten zeigten, die Präzision der Fragment-Größen-Bestimmung solcher Gele für bestimmte STR-Loci geringer war als jene der denaturierenden Gele. Auch können Artefakt-Banden in der abgelesenen Region der nativen Gele (eher) erscheinen. Das beschriebene Vierfach-Amplifikationssystem, in Verbindung mit einer automatisierten, fluoreszenzbasierten Detektion in denaturierenden Polyacrylamid-Gelen, schien ein robustes und zuverlässiges System für die individuelle Identifikation zu sein.

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Kimpton, C., Fisher, D., Watson, S. et al. Evaluation of an automated DNA profiling system employing multiplex amplification of four tetrameric STR loci. Int J Leg Med 106, 302–311 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01224776

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01224776

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