Skip to main content
Log in

Critical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink

  • Published:
Journal of Engineering Mathematics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The problem of withdrawing water through a line sink from a region containing two homogenous layers of different density is considered. Assuming steady, irrotational flow of an ideal fluid, a nonlinear integral equation is derived and solved numerically. Confirmation of earlier research is given, and some new results obtained in which the interface between the two layers rises up and then enters the sink vertically from above, even when the sink is located above the undisturbed level of the interface. A diagram is presented which summarises the work on this problem to this time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abramowitz M. and Stegun I.A. eds., Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Dover, New York (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  2. “CE-QUAL-R1: A numerical one-dimensional model of reservoir water quality: User's manual.” Instruction Rept. E-82-1, Envir. Lab., U.S. Army Engr. Wtrwy. Expt. Sta., CE, Vicksburg, Miss. (1982).

  3. Craya A., Theoretical research on the flow of nonhomogeneous fluids, La Houille Blanche 4 (1949) 44–55.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Collings I.L., Two infinite Froude number cusped free surface flows due to a submerged line source or sink. J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B 28 (1986) 260–270.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Forbes L.K. and Hocking G.C., Flow caused by a point sink in a fluid having a free surface, J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B 32 (1990) 233–252.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hocking G.C., Cusp-like free-surface flows due to a submerged source or sink in the presence of a flat or sloping bottom, J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B 26 (1985) 470–486.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hocking G.C., Infinite Froude number solutions to the problem of a submerged source or sink, J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B 29 (1988) 401–409.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hocking G.C., Sherman B.S., and Patterson J.C. (1988), Algorithm for selective withdrawal from stratified reservoir, J. Hydr. Engng., A.S.C.E. 114 (1988) 707–719.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hocking, G.C. and Forbes, L.K., A note on the flow induced by a line sink beneath a free surface. J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B (1991) (in press).

  10. Hocking, G.C., Withdrawal from a two layer fluid through a line sink, submitted to J. Hydr. Engng., A.S.C.E. (1989).

  11. Hocking, G.C., Flow induced by a line sink in a fluid of finite depth. University of Western Australia, Dept. of Math. Res. Rept. 13, April, 1990.

  12. Imberger J. and Hamblin P.F., Dynamics of lakes, reservoirs and cooling ponds, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 14 (1982) 153–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Imberger J., Reservoir Dynamics Modelling, in O'Loughlin E.M. and Cullen P. (eds), Prediction in Water Quality, Australian Acad. of Sci., Canberra, Australia (1982) 223–248.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Imberger J., Patterson J., Hebbert R., and Loh I., Dynamics of reservoir of medium size, J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 104 (1978) 725–743.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Imberger J. and Patterson J.C., Physical limnology, Adv. Appl. Mech. 27 (1989) 303–475.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jirka G.H. and Katavola D.S., Supercritical withdrawal from two-layered fluid systems, Part 2-Three dimensional flow into a round intake, J. Hyd. Res. 17 (1979) 53–62.

    Google Scholar 

  17. King A.C. and Bloor M.I.G., A note on the free surface induced by a submerged source at infinite Froude number, J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B 30 (1988) 147–156.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Peregrine, D.H., A line source beneath a free surface, Mathematics Research Center, Univ. Wisconsin Rept. 1248 (1972).

  19. Ryan P.J. and Harleman D.R.F., Prediction of the annual cycle of temperature changes in a stratified lake or reservoir: Mathematical model and user's manual, M.I.T. Rept. No. 137, M.I.T., Cambridge, Mass. (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Tuck, E.O. and Vanden-Broeck, J.M., A cusp-like free-surface flow due to a submerged source or sink, J. Aust. Math Soc. Ser. B 25 (18984) 443–450.

  21. Vanden-Broeck J.M., Schwartz L.W. and Tuck E.O., Divergent low-Froude number series expansion of non-linear free-surface flow problems, Proc. Roy. Soc. London. Ser. A 361 (1978) 207–224.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wood I.R. and Lai K.K., Selective withdrawal from a two-layered fluid, J. Hyd. Res. 10 No. 4 (1972) 475–496.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Yih, C.S., Stratified Flows, Academic Press (1980).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Part of this work was carried out while the author was at the Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hocking, G.C. Critical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink. J Eng Math 25, 1–11 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00036598

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00036598

Keywords

Navigation