Abstract
In this research, a synergetic system of solvent extraction process was developed to recover copper from aqueous solutions with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), di-2-ethyl hexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK). The effect of significant parameters such as pH, organic phase composition, aqueous to organic phase ratio (A : O), sodium acetate (CH3COONa) concentration and presence of HCl were studied. The optimum mixing ratio of TBP: MIBK was found to to 7 : 3 for the copper extraction. In addition, the usage of HCl caused a reduction in the extraction percentage due to the instability of the TBP complex with copper in the presence of HCl. The A : O ratio of 1 : 1 resulted in a higher percentage of copper extraction. Finally, MIBK-TBP-D2EHPA-acetate system could extract more than 99% of copper under the optimum condition.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Silva, G.C.d., Cunha, J.W.S.D.d., and J. Dweck, J.C.A., Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of iron and titanium by bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), Miner. Eng., 2008, vol. 21, pp. 416–419.
Tanong, K., Tran, L.-H., Mercier, G., and Blais, J.-F., Recovery of Zn(II), Mn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) from the unsorted spent batteries using solvent extraction, electrodeposition and precipitation methods, J. Clean. Prod., 2017, vol. 148, pp. 233–244.
Schügerl, K., Solvent extraction in biotechnology: recovery of primary and secondary metabolites, Springer Sci. & Busin. Media, 2013.
Panda, S., Parhi, P.K., Pradhan, N., Mohapatra, U.B., Sukla, L.B., and Park, K.H., Extraction of copper from bacterial leach liquor of a low grade chalcopyrite test heap using LIX 984N-C, Hydrometallurgy, 2012, vols. 121–124, pp. 116–119.
Ruiz, M., Gonzalez, I., Salgado, J., and Padilla, R., Extraction of Copper from Sulfate-chloride Solutions by Using Hydroxyoxime Extractants, Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies, Springer, 2017.
Devi, N. and Nayak, B., Liquid-liquid extraction and separation of copper(II) and nickel(II) using LIX®984N, J. South. Afric. Inst. Mining Metall., 2014, vol. 114, no. 11, pp. 937–943.
Younas, M., Druon-Bocquet, S., Romero, J., and Sanchez, J., Experimental and theoretical investigation of distribution equilibria and kinetics of copper(II) extraction with LIX 84 I and TFA, Sep. Sci. Technol., 2015, vol. 50, no. 10, pp. 1523–1531.
Li, L. Wang, Y., An, W., and Bao, S., Effect of the structure of alkyl salicylaldoxime on extraction of copper(II), Minerals, 2017, vol. 7., no. 4, pp. 61.
Lu, J. and Dreisinger, D., Solvent extraction of copper from chloride solution I: Extraction isotherms, Hydrometallurgy, 2013, vol. 137, pp. 13–17.
Sombhatla, S.S., Kumar, A., Mashruwala, S., Rokkam, K.K., and Shukla, A., Comparative study of organic solvents for extraction of copper from ammoniacal carbonate solution, Hydrometallurgy, 2016, vol. 166, Suppl. C., pp. 94–97.
Barik, G., Nathsarma, K., and Sarangi, K., Recovery of copper from a waste heat boiler dust leach liquor using LIX 84I and LIX 622N, Solvent Extract. Ion Exchange, 2013, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 198–209.
Tang, J. and Steenari, B.-M., Solvent extraction separation of copper and zinc from MSWI fly ash leachates, Waste Manage., 2015, vol. 44, Suppl. C, pp. 147–154.
Datta, A., Datta, D., and Chandra, A., Separation and recovery of copper from aqueous solutions using tri-n-butyl phosphate in benzene, J. Mol. Liq., 2016, vol. 221, vol. 221, Suppl. C, pp. 139–148.
Ren, Zhang., Meng, Liu., and Dai, Y., Extraction equilibria of copper(II) with D2EHPA in kerosene from aqueous solutions in acetate buffer media, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 438–441.
Belkhouche, N.E., Amine Didi, M., and Villemin, D., Separation of nickel and copper by solvent extraction using di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid-based syergistic mixture, Solvent Extract. Ion Exchange, 2005, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 677–693.
Staszak, K., Regel-Rosocka, M., Wieszczycka, K., and Burmistrzak, P., Copper(II) sulphate solutions treatment by solvent extraction with Na-Cyanex 272, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2012, vol. 85, pp. 183–192.
Hefny, N.E. and Daoud, J.A., Extraction of copper(II) by CYANEX 302 in kerosene from different aqueous media, Solvent Extract. Ion Exchange, 2007, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 831–843.
Fouad, E.A., Separation of copper from aqueous sulfate solutions by mixtures of Cyanex 301 and LIX® 984N, J. Hazard. Mater., 2009, vol. 166, nos. 2–3, pp. 720–727.
Baba, A.A., Sosanya, D.G., Adekola, F.A., Alabi, A.G., Aremu, A.S., and Adeboye, S.E., Extraction of copper from leach liquor of metallic component in discarded cell phone by Cyanex® 272, J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 2016, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 861–871.
Pradhan, S., Devi, N., and Mishra, S., Separation of copper and iron from chloride media using Cyanex 921 in kerosene, J. Central South Univ., 2014, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 1752–1755.
Van de Voorde, I., Pinoy, L., Courtijn, E., and Verpoort, F., Influence of acetate ions and the role of the diluents on the extraction of copper(II), nickel(II), cobalt(II), magnesium(II) and iron(II, III) with different types of extractants, Hydrometallurgy, 2005, vol. 78, nos. 1–2, pp. 92–106.
Kremling, K. and Petersen, H., APDC-Mibk extraction system for the determination of copper and iron in 1 cm3 of sea water by flameless atomic-absorption spectroscopy, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1974, vol. 70, no. 1, p. 35–39.
Wang, T., Sung, Y.-J., Hsu, C.-H., Hsieh, Y.-K., and Wang, C.-F., Combining ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate/methyl isobutyl ketone microextraction in an inexpensive disposable pipette with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the determination of Cd and Pd, J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 2014, vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 1154–1160.
Maity, S., Sahu, S.K., and Pandit, G.G., Standardization of solvent extraction procedure for determination of uranium in seawater, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 2015, vol. 303, no. 1, pp. 33–37.
Sarangi, K., Parhi, P.K., Padhan, E., Palai, A.K., Nathsarma, K.C., and Park, K.H., Separation of iron(III), copper(II) and zinc(II) from a mixed sulphate/chloride solution using TBP, LIX 84I and Cyanex 923, Sep. Purif. Technol., 2007, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 44–49.
Xiang, W., Liang, S., Zhou, Z., Qin, W., and Fei, W., Lithium recovery from salt lake brine by counter-current extraction using tributyl phosphate/FeCl3 in methyl isobutyl ketone, Hydrometallurgy, 2017, vol. 171, pp. 27–32.
Zhou, Z., Liang, S., Qin, W., and Fei, W., Extraction equilibria of lithium with tributyl phosphate, diisobutyl ketone, acetophenone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and 2‑heptanone in kerosene and FeCl3, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2013, vol. 52, no. 23, pp. 7912–7917.
Flett, D.S., Chemical kinetics and mechanisms in solvent extraction of copper chelates, Acc. Chem. Res., 1977, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 99–104.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
About this article
Cite this article
Mehdi Irannajad, Afzali, Z. & Haghighi, H.K. Solvent Extraction of Copper Using TBP, D2EHPA and MIBK. Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals 59, 605–611 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821218060068
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821218060068