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The Anthelmintic Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Paramphistome Parasites, Carmyerius spatiosus

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Abstract

Introduction

Paramphistomosis is a disease caused by the rumen flukes which cause an acute gastroenteritis and anemia with high mortality particularly in young ruminants.

Materials and methods

In this study, we have investigated the anthelmintic effect of medicinal plant extracts from leaves and heartwoods of Cassia siamea L., roots of Plumbago zeylanica L. and Plumbago indica L., and leaves of Terminalia catappa L. against Carmyerius spatiosus.

Results

The highest anthelminthic effect on the flukes after 24 h of exposure was found in heartwood ethyl acetate extract of C. siamea (LC50 = 374.30; LC90 = 749.03 ppm), root n-butanol extract of P. zeylanica (LC50 = 1005.12; LC90 = 2411.55 ppm), root hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol extract of P. indica (LC50 = 34.38, 211.34, 506.92; LC90 = 64.09, 496.05, 934.86 ppm), and leaf n-butanol and water extract of T. catappa (LC50 = 487.17, 470.28; LC90 = 913.27, 848.23 ppm). When observed by scanning electron microscopy, the tegument showed similar sequence of morphological changes after treatments with all plant extracts, comprising of swelling of ridges and folds, blebbing, rupturing of the blebs, erosion, lesion and disruption of the tegument.

Conclusion

This study is the first report on the anthelmintic activity of plant extracts to C. spatiosus; therefore, these plant extracts are highly effective in the elimination of adult rumen flukes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by Research Grants from Agricultural Research Development Agency (ARDA), National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) and TRF Research Career Development Grant co-funded by The Thailand Research Fund and Mahidol University (RSA6080071) to Panat Anuracpreeda.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Juttajak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Sutthida Minsakorn

  2. Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Khwannapa Nuplod & Panupong Puttarak

  3. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Runglawan Chawengkirttikul

  4. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Klongtoey Wattana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand

    Busaba Panyarachun, Tanapat Charoenkul & Methasit Jaisa-aad

  5. Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Klongtoey Wattana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand

    Arin Ngamniyom

  6. Department of Opthalmology, HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkarak, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand

    Panadda Panyarachun

  7. Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand

    Panat Anuracpreeda

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  1. Sutthida Minsakorn
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Minsakorn, S., Nuplod, K., Puttarak, P. et al. The Anthelmintic Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Paramphistome Parasites, Carmyerius spatiosus. Acta Parasit. 64, 566–574 (2019). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-019-00072-6

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