Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. It is an aggressive tumor with a tendency to spread to the lung, which is the most common site of metastasis. Patients with advanced OS with metastases have poor prognoses despite the application of chemotherapy, thus highlighting the need for novel therapeutic targets. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of OS is confirmed to be essential for and supportive of tumor growth and dissemination. The immune component of the OS microenvironment is mainly composed of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In OS, TAMs promote tumor growth and angiogenesis and upregulate the cancer stem cell-like phenotype. However, TAMs inhibit the metastasis of OS. Therefore, much attention has been paid to investigating the mechanism of TAMs in OS development and the progression of immunotherapy for OS. In this article, we aim to summarize the roles of TAMs in OS and the major findings on the application of TAMs in OS treatment.
摘要
骨肉瘤(Osteosarcoma, OS)是儿童和青少年最常见的原发性骨肿瘤。它是一种侵袭性很强的恶性肿瘤。晚期伴有转移的OS患者尽管应用了化疗, 但预后仍较差, 因此探寻新的治疗靶点成为了OS的研究热点。OS细胞的肿瘤微环境(Tumor microenvironment, TME)被证实是支持肿瘤生长和扩散的必要条件。OS微环境的免疫成分主要由肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(Tumor-associated macrophages, TAMs)组成。在OS中, TAMs促进肿瘤生长和血管生成, 并上调肿瘤干细胞样表型。本文通过深入分析TAMs已有的研究成果, 指出目前的研究状态, 并系统总结了TAMs在OS发生发展及治疗的进展情况, 提出自己的观点。我们发现, TAMs在促进OS生长和血管生成以及上调OS干细胞样表型中发挥重要作用, 但OS微环境如何影响TAMs表型以及TAMs与OS之间的相互作用机制还需要补充研究和进一步实验。
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This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. H2019206309), China.
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Yi ZHAO and Helin FENG designed the review. Benzheng ZHANG, Qianqian ZHANG, and Xiaowei MA searched references. Yi ZHAO and Benzheng ZHANG collated and summarized references. Yi ZHAO, Benzheng ZHANG and Helin FENG wrote the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript.
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Yi ZHAO, Benzheng ZHANG, Qianqian ZHANG, Xiaowei MA, and Helin FENG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Zhao, Y., Zhang, B., Zhang, Q. et al. Tumor-associated macrophages in osteosarcoma. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 22, 885–892 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100029
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100029