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Heterogeneous deformation of two-dimensional materials for emerging functionalities

  • Invited Review
  • Heterogeneity in 2D Material
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Abstract

Atomically thin 2D materials exhibit strong intralayer covalent bonding and weak interlayer van der Waals interactions, offering unique high in-plane strength and out-of-plane flexibility. While atom-thick nature of 2D materials may cause uncontrolled intrinsic/extrinsic deformation in multiple length scales, it also provides new opportunities for exploring coupling between heterogeneous deformations and emerging functionalities in controllable and scalable ways for electronic, optical, and optoelectronic applications. In this review, we discuss (i) the mechanical characteristics of 2D materials, (ii) uncontrolled inherent deformation and extrinsic heterogeneity present in 2D materials, (iii) experimental strategies for controlled heterogeneous deformation of 2D materials, (iv) 3D structure-induced novel functionalities via crumple/wrinkle structure or kirigami structures, and (v) heterogeneous strain-induced emerging functionalities in exciton and phase engineering. Overall, heterogeneous deformation offers unique advantages for 2D materials research by enabling spatial tunability of 2D materials’ interactions with photons, electrons, and molecules in a programmable and controlled manner.

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Acknowledgments

S.N. gratefully acknowledges support from the NSF (ECCS-1935775, CMMI-1554019, CMMI-1904216, DMR-1708852 and MRSEC DMR-1720633), AFOSR (FA2386-17-1-4071 and FA9550-18-1-0405), NASA ECF (NNX16AR56G), and ONR YIP (N00014-17-1-2830). C.C. gratefully acknowledge support from the NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship (80NSSC17K0149). This research was partially supported by the NSF through the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Materials Research Science and Engineering Center DMR-1720633.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Jin Myung Kim

  2. Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    Chullhee Cho & Ezekiel Y. Hsieh

  3. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA

    SungWoo Nam

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  1. Jin Myung Kim
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  2. Chullhee Cho
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  3. Ezekiel Y. Hsieh
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  4. SungWoo Nam
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Correspondence to Jin Myung Kim or SungWoo Nam.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Kim, J.M., Cho, C., Hsieh, E.Y. et al. Heterogeneous deformation of two-dimensional materials for emerging functionalities. Journal of Materials Research 35, 1369–1385 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2020.34

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