Abstract
Let , , and denote the Marcinkiewicz integral, the parameterized area integral, and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley function, respectively. In this paper, the authors give a characterization of BMO space by the boundedness of the commutators of , , and on the generalized Morrey space .
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1. Introduction
Let be the unit sphere in equipped with the Lebesgue measure . Suppose that satisfies the following conditions.
(a) is the homogeneous function of degree zero on , that is,
(b) has mean zero on , that is,
(c), that is,
In 1958, Stein [1] defined the Marcinkiewicz integral of higher dimension as
where
We refer to see [1, 2] for the properties of .
Let and The parameterized area integral and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley function are defined by
where and
respectively. and play very important roles in harmonic analysis and PDE (e.g., see [3–8]).
Before stating our result, let us recall some definitions. For the commutator formed by and the Marcinkiewicz integral are defined by
Let and The commutator of and the commutator of are defined, respectively, by
Let . It is said that if
where denotes the ball in centered at and with radius ,
and .
There are some results about the boundedness of the commutators formed by BMO functions with , , and (see [7, 9, 10]).
Many important operators gave a characterization of BMO space. In 1976, Coifman et al. [11] gave a characterization of BMO space by the commutator of Riesz transform; in 1982, Chanillo [12] studied the commutator formed by Riesz potential and BMO and gave another characterization of BMO space.
The purpose of this paper is to give a characterization of BMO space by the boundedness of the commutators of , , and on the generalized Morrey space .
Definition 1.1.
Let . Suppose that be such that is nonincreasing and is nondecreasing. The generalized Morrey space is defined by
where
We refer to see [13, 14] for the known results of the generalized Morrey space for some suitable . Noting that , we get the Lebesque space . For , coincides with the Morrey space .
The main result in this paper is as follows.
Theorem 1.2.
Assume that is nonincreasing and is nondecreasing. Suppose that is defined as (1.8), satisfies (1.1), (1.2), and
If is bounded on for some , then
Theorem 1.3.
Let and . Assume that is nonincreasing and is nondecreasing. Suppose that is defined as (1.9), satisfies (1.1), (1.2), and (1.15). If is a bounded operator on for some , then
Theorem 1.4.
Let , , and . Assume that is nonincreasing and is nondecreasing. Suppose that is defined as (1.10), satisfies (1.1), (1.2), and (1.15). If is on for some , then
Remark 1.5.
It is easy to check that (see, e.g., the proof of () in [15, page 89]), we therefore give only the proofs of Theorem 1.2 for and Theorem 1.3 for .
Remark 1.6.
It is easy to see that the condition (1.15) is weaker than for . In the proof of Theorems 1.2 and 1.3, we will use some ideas in [16]. However, because Marcinkiewicz integral and the parameterized Littlewood-Paley operators are neither the convolution operator nor the linear operators, hence, we need new ideas and nontrivial estimates in the proof.
2. Proof of Theorem 1.2
Let us begin with recalling some known conclusion.
Similar to the proof of [17], we can easily get the following.
Lemma 2.1.
If satisfies conditions (1.1), (1.2), and (1.15), let then for , we have
Now let us return to the proof of Theorem 1.2. Suppose that is a bounded operator on , we are going to prove that
We may assume that . We want to prove that, for any and , the inequality
holds, where Since we may assume that Let
where Since , we can easily get Then, has the following properties:
In this proof for , is a positive constant depending only on , , , and . Since satisfies (1.2), then there exists an such that and
where is the measure on which is induced from the Lebesgue measure on . By the condition (1.15), it is easy to see that
is a closed set. We claim that
In fact, since note that we can get Taking , let
For , we have
For noting that if , then for . Thus, we have
Using (2.11), we get Noting that it follows from (2.5), (2.7), (2.8), and Hölder's inequality that
For , by , (2.4), (2.5), (2.6), the Minkowski inequality, and Lemma 2.1, we obtain
Let
Without loss of generality, we may assume that , otherwise, we get the desired result. Since is nonincreasing, it follows that . By (2.13), (2.15), and (2.16), we have
Thus,
Now, we claim that
where is independent of . In fact,
Now, we consider the norm of in the following two cases.
Case 1 ().
Since is nondecreasing in , then
Thus,
Case 2 ().
Since is nonincreasing in , then
Thus,
Now, (2.20) is established. Then, by (2.19) and (2.20), we get
If then Theorem 1.2 is proved. If then
Let . For , we have
Noting that if and , we get . Applying (2.11), we have . Since when and , it follows that
By , when and and the Minkowski inequality, we have
Thus, by (2.28), (2.29), and (2.30), we get, for ,
Similar to the proof of (2.20), we can easily get . Thus, by (2.31), , and when , we have
We first estimate Since for we have
Now, the estimate of is divided into two cases, namely, 1: ; 2: .
Case 1 ().
Since the function is decreasing for and for by (2.27), we get
Case 2 ().
Since the function is decreasing for and for , by (2.27), we have
From Cases 1 and 2, we know that there exists a constant such that
So by (2.32), (2.33), and (2.36), we get
Then, Theorem 1.2 is proved.
3. Proof of Theorem 1.3
Similar to the proof of Theorem 1.2, we only give the outline.
Suppose that is a bounded operator on , we are going to prove that
We may assume that . We want to prove that, for any and , the inequality
holds, where Since we may assume that Let be as (2.3), then (2.4)–(2.8) hold. In this proof for , is a positive constant depending only on , , , and . Since satisfies (1.2), then there exists a such that and
where is the measure on which is induced from the Lebesgue measure on . By the condition (1.15), it is easy to see that
is a closed set. As the proof of (2.11), we can get the following:
Taking , let
For , we have
For noting that if , , and then we get
Then by (3.4), we get . Since and we get and . Thus, by (2.5), (2.7), (2.8), and the Hölder inequality, we get
By (2.5) and (2.6), we have
In we have and . In we get and It is easy to see that Now, we estimate by , the Minkowski inequality, Lemma 2.1 for , and (2.4), we get
From (3.9) and (3.10), we get
Let
Without loss of generality, we may assume that , otherwise, we get the desired result. Since is nonincreasing, we have . Then by, (3.6), (3.8), and (3.11), we get
Thus,
Then, by (2.20) and (3.14), we get
If then Theorem 1.3 is proved. If then
Let . For , we have
For as above mentioned, we have Since and , it follows the Hölder inequality that
By , the Minkowski inequality, and for and , we get
Thus, by (3.17), (3.18), and (3.19), we get, for ,
Thus, by (3.20), , when and the Hölder inequality, we have
As the proof of (2.33) and (2.36), we can get that there exists a constant such that
So, by (3.21) and (3.22), we get
Then, Theorem 1.3 is proved.
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to express their gratitude to the referee for his/her valuable comments and suggestions. The research was supported by NSF of China (Grant nos.: 10901017, 10931001), SRFDP of China (Grant no.: 20090003110018), and NSF of Zhenjiang (Grant no.: Y7080325).
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Chen, Y., Ding, Y. & Wang, X. Commutators of Littlewood-Paley Operators on the Generalized Morrey Space. J Inequal Appl 2010, 961502 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/961502
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/961502