Skip to main content
Log in

Target-Text Mediated Interactive Machine Translation

  • Published:
Machine Translation

Abstract

The use of Machine Translation as a tool for professional or other highly skilled translators is for the most part currently limited to postediting arrangements in which the translator invokes MT when desired and then manually cleans up the results. A theoretically promising but hitherto largely unsuccessful alternative to postediting for this application is interactive machine translation (IMT), in which the translator and MT system work in tandem. We argue that past failures to make IMT viable as a tool for skilled translators have been the result of an infelicitous mode of interaction rather than any inherent flaw in the idea. As a solution, we propose a new style of IMT in which the target text under construction serves as the medium of communication between an MT system and its user. We describe the design, implementation, and performance of an automatic word completion system for translators which is intended to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, albeit in a very rudimentary form.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Blanchon, Hervé.: 1994, Perspectives of DBMT for Monolingual Authors on the Basis of LIDIA-1, an Implemented Mock-up, in COLING-94: The 15th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Kyoto, pp. 115–119.

  • Boitet, Christian.: 1990, Towards Personal MT: General Design, Dialogue Structure, Potential Role of Speech, in COLING-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, Vol. 3, pp. 30–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brousseau, J., C. Drouin, G. Foster, P. Isabelle, R. Kuhn, Y. Normandin, and P. Plamondon: 1995, French Speech Recognition in an Automatic Dictation System for Translators: the TransTalk Project, in Eurospeech 95, Madrid, pp. 193–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, Peter F., Stephen A. Della Pietra, Vincent J. Della Pietra, and Robert L. Mercer: 1993, The Mathematics of Statistical Machine Translation: Parameter Estimation, Computational Linguistics 19: 263–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, Ralf D. and Sergei Nirenburg: 1990, Human-Computer Interaction for Semantic Disambiguation, in COLING-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, Vol. 3, pp. 42–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darragh, John J. and Ian H. Witten: 1992, The Reactive Keyboard. Cambridge University Press.

  • Derouault, A.-M. and B. Merialdo: 1986, Natural Language Modeling for Phoneme-to-text Transcription, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8: 742–743.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurolang: 1995, Eurolang Optimizer, Product Description.

  • Frederking, Robert, Dean Grannes, Peter Cousseau, and Sergei Nirenburg: 1993, An MAT Tool and its Effectiveness, in Human Language Technology, Princeton, NJ, pp. 196–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • IBM: 1995, IBM Translation Manager, Product Description.

  • Jelinek, F.: 1990, Self-organized Language Modeling for Speech Recognition, in A. Waibel and K. Lee (eds) Readings in Speech Recognition, Morgan Kaufmann: San Mateo, California, pp. 450–506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, Slava M.: 1987, Estimation of Probabilities from Sparse Data for the Language Model Component of a Speech Recognizer, IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ASSP-35: 400–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kay, Martin: 1973, The MIND System, in R. Rustin (ed.) Natural Language Processing, Algorithmics Press, NY, pp. 155–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kugler, M., G. Heyer, R. Kese, B. von Kleist-Retzow, and G. Winkelmann: 1991, The Translator's Workbench: An Environment for Multi-Lingual Text Processing and Translation, in Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit III. Washington, D.C. pp. 81

  • Kuhn, Roland and Renato De Mori: 1990, A Cache-based Natural Language Model for Speech Recognition, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 12: 570–583.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maruyama, Hiroshi and Hideo Watanabe: 1990, An Interactive Japanese Parser for Machine Translation, in COLING-90: Papers presented to the 13th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, Vol. 2, pp. 257–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melby, Alan: 1987, On Human-machine Interaction in Translation, in Sergei Nirenburg (ed.) Machine Translation, Theoretical and Methodological Issues. Cambridge University Press, pp. 145–154.

  • Nirenburg, Sergei: 1992, Tools for Machine-Aided Translation: The CMU TWS, Meta 37: 709–720.

    Google Scholar 

  • Picchi, Eugenio, Carol Peters, and Elisabetta Marinai: 1992, A Translator's Workstation, in Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on Computational Linguistics COLING-92, Nantes, pp. 972–976.

  • Simard, Michel, George F. Foster, and Pierre Isabelle: 1992, Using Cognates to Align Sentences in Bilingual Corpora, in Fourth International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation: TMI-92, Montreal, Canada, pp. 67

  • Tomita, Masaru: 1985, Feasibility Study of Personal/Interactive Machine Translation Systems, in Proceedings of the Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation of Natural Languages, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, pp. 289–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trados: 1995, Trados Translators Workbench, Product Description.

  • Whitelock, P. J., M. McGee Wood, B. J. Chandler, N. Holden, and H. J. Horsfall: 1986, Strategies for Interactive Machine Translation: The Experience and Implications of the UMIST Japanese Project, in 11th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of COLING'86, Bonn, pp. 329–334.

  • Zajac, Rémi: 1988, Interactive Translation: A New Approach, in COLING-Budapest: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Budapest, pp. 785–790.

  • Zipf, G. K.: 1949, Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. Addison-Wesley: Reading, MA.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Foster, G., Isabelle, P. & Plamondon, P. Target-Text Mediated Interactive Machine Translation. Machine Translation 12, 175–194 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007999327580

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007999327580

Navigation