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Equilibrium Shape of Copper Crystals Grown on Sapphire

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Interface Science

Abstract

The equilibrium crystal shape (ECS) of copper has been studied by scanning electron microscopy on μm-sized copper crystallites supported on single-crystals of α-alumina. In addition, the orientation relationships between copper crystals and the sapphire substrate were investigated by X-ray techniques. A detailed discussion of the kinetic factors that can inhibit equilibration is provided, and it is shown that only crystals ranging in radius from 3 to 4.5 μm can achieve equilibrium shapes under the conditions of the experiment. The maximum anisotropy of surface energy was found to be about 1.02, which is significantly lower than that of the other two fcc metals (lead and gold) for which reliable data are available. Another distinction between copper and those other fcc metals is that its ECS displays {110} facets, and possibly {311} facets, in addition to the commonly observed {111} and {100} facets, at temperatures where equilibration is possible. The observed facets connect tangentially to the curved parts of the ECS, so that all possible surface orientations are present on the copper ECS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Recherche sur les Mécanismes de la Croissance Cristalline, CNRS, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288, Marseille, France

    Dominique Chatain

  2. Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et Physico-Chimie Métallurgiques, ENSEEG-INPG, BP 75, 38402, Saint Martin d'Hères, France

    Veronique Ghetta

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Paul Wynblatt

Authors
  1. Dominique Chatain
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  2. Veronique Ghetta
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  3. Paul Wynblatt
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Correspondence to Dominique Chatain.

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Chatain, D., Ghetta, V. & Wynblatt, P. Equilibrium Shape of Copper Crystals Grown on Sapphire. Interface Science 12, 7–18 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:INTS.0000012290.07441.a8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:INTS.0000012290.07441.a8

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