Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An annotated checklist of dinoflagellates in the Black Sea

  • Published:
Hydrobiologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An annotated checklist of free-living dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) of the Black Sea, based on literature records, is reported and compared to the Mediterranean Sea and world oceans. Toxic species and/or responsible of harmful algal blooms (HAB) are marked in the checklist. From the 267 species (54 genera) listed nearly all taxa can be considered as cosmopolitan and no species as endemic. Several typically Arctic-boreal species (non recorded from the Mediterranean Sea) are reported from the Black Sea. The taxonomy and the biogeography of the taxa are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aubert, M., P. Revillon, J. Aubert, G. Léger, C. Drai, A. Arnoux & C. Diana, 1990. Mers d'Europe: Études hydrobiologiques, chimiques et biologiques. Transfert de polluants entre la Mer Noire, la Mer de Marmara et la Mer Egée. Revue Internationale d'Océanographie Médicale 100: 1–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aubrey, D., S. Moncheva, E. Demirov, V. Diaconu & A. Dimitrov, 1996. Environmental changes in the western Black Sea related to anthropogenic and natural conditions. Journal of Marine Systems 7: 411–425.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakan, G. & H. Buyukgungor, 2000. The Black Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 41: 24–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balech, E., 1974. El género “Protoperidinium” Bergh, 1881 (“Peridinium” Ehrenberg, 1831 partim). Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” Hidrobiología 4: 1–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balech, E., 1988. Los dinoflagelados del Atlántico Sudoccidental. Publicaciones Especiales del Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Madrid 1, 310 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balkis, N., 2000. Five dinoflagellate species new to Turkish Seas. Oebalia 26: 97–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bityukov, E. P., 1969. Distribution and ecology of Noctiluca miliaris in the Black Sea. Biologiya Morya 7: 76–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bityukov, E. P., P. V. Evstigneev & Yu. N. Tokarev, 1993. Luminescent dinoflagellata of the Black Sea as affected by anthropogenic factors. Hydrobiological Journal 29: 27–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1969. Cercetari asupra fitoplanctonului din zona de mica adancime de la litoralul romanesc al Marii Negre. Ecologie Marina 3: 65–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1983a. Modifications concernant le development quantitative et la structure du phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 28: 91–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1983b. Sur les phénomènes de floraison de l'eau du littoral roumain de la mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 28: 93–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1984a. Modifications sous l'influence anthropique dans le développement quantitative et dans la structure du phytoplancton du secteur roumain de la mer Noire. Travaux du Muséum d'Historie Naturelle 'Grigore Antipa', Bucuresti 26: 69–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1984b. Le phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire sous l'influence de l'eutrophisation. VII-es Journées Etudes de Pollution, Lucerne, Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco: 745–752.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1984c. Données nouvelles concernant les developments massifs des espèces phytoplanctoniques et déroulement des phénomènes de floraison de l'eau du littoral roumain de la mer Noire. Cercetari Marine 17: 63–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1985. Caractéristiques du développement quantitatif et de la structure du phytoplancton de eaux du littoral roumain pendant la période 1983–1985. Cercetari Marine 18: 117–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1986. Evolution du développement quantitative du phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 30: 183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1987a. Particularités du développement quantitative du phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire pendant la période 1983–1986. Revue Roumanie de Biologie-série de Biologie Animal, Ed. Acad. RSR, Bucuresti 32: 139–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1987/1988. Structure and dynamics of unicellular algal flora in the Romanian littoral of the Black Sea. Cercetari Marine 20–21: 19–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1989. Algal blooms and development of the main phytoplanktonic species at the Romanian Black Sea littoral under eutrophication conditions. Cercetari Marine 22: 107–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1992. Algal blooms and development of the main phytoplanktonic species at the Romanian Black Sea littoral in conditions of intensification of the eutrophication process. In Vollenveider, R. A., R. Marchetti & R. Viviani (eds), Marine Coastal Eutrophication. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam: 891–906.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1993. Microalgal blooms in the Romanian area of the Black Sea and contemporary eutrophication conditions. In Smayda T. J. & Y. Shimizu (eds), Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam: 203–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., 1995. Algal blooms in Mamaia Bay (Romanian Black Sea coast). In Lassus, P., G. Arzul, E. Erard-Le Denn, P. Gentien & C. Marcaillou-Le Baut (eds), Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Lavoisier Ltd., Nantes: 127–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., S. Moncheva, G. Ruta & L. Popa, 2000. Long term evolution of the algal blooms in Romanian and Bulgarian Black Sea waters. In Black Sea Ecosystem Processes and Forecasting/Operational Database Management System. METU Institute of Marine Science, Erdemli-Içel, Turkey, 20 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & A. Roban, 1975. Données concernant la floraison des eaux du littoral roumain de la mer Noire avec le péridinien Exuviaella cordata Ostf. Cercetari Marine 8: 43–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & A. Roban, 1989. Les développements massifs du phytoplancton des eaux du littoral roumain de la mer Noire au cours de l'année 1989. Cercetari Marine 22: 127–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & G. Ruta, 1994–1995. Phytoplankton structure and dynamics in the contingence zone between the waters of the Danube-Black Sea canal and the sea waters. Cercetari Marine 27–28: 81–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & G. Ruta, 1998. Development of the planktonic algae in the Romanian Black Sea sector in 1981–1996. In Reguera, B., J. Blanco, M. L. Fernandez & T.Wyatt (eds), Harmful Algae. Proceedings of the VIII International Conference on Harmful Algae, Vigo, Spain 25–29 June 1997. Xunta de Galicia and I.O.C.: 188–191.

  • Bodeanu, N. & M. Usurelu, 1976. Prognoza influentei apelor dulci asupra fitoplanctonului marin in perspectiva deschiderii Canalului Dunare-Marea Neagra. Cercetari Marine 9: S89–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & M. Usurelu, 1979. Dinoflagellate blooms in Romanian Black Sea coastal waters. In Taylor, D. L. & H. H. Seliger (eds), Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms. Elsevier North Holland, Amsterdam: 151–154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N. & M. Usurelu, 1981. Particularités de la structure et de la repartition du phytoplankton de la zone sud du littoral roumain dans les conditions de predominance de la circulation atmosphérique de nord. Cercetari Marine 14: 129–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodeanu, N., A. Roban & M. Usurelu, 1985. Particularités de la structure et de la dynamique du phytoplankton du secteur Constanta (mer Noire) pendant la periode 1972–1983. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 29: 121–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bologa, A. S., N. Bodeanu, A. Petranu, V. Tiganus & Y. P. Zaitsev, 1995. Major modifications of the Black Sea benthic and planktonic biota in the last three decades. Bulletin d'Institute Oceanographique de Monaco n. sp. 15: 85–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bologa, A. S., H. V. Skolka & P. T. Frangopol, 1984. Annual cycle of planktonic primary productivity off the Romanian Black Sea coast. Marine Ecology Progress Series 19: 25–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bologa, A. S., M. Usurelu & P. T. Frangopol, 1981. Planktonic primary productivity of the Romanian surface coastal waters (Black Sea) in 1979. Oceanologica Acta 4: 343–349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryantseva, J. V., V. A. Bryanseva, A. Kovalchuk & Z. Samyshev, 1996. Long-term changes of diatomea and peridinea biomass in the Black Sea in connection with atmospheric transfers. Ecologiya Morya 45: 18–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daskalov, G. M., 2002. Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 225: 53–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Devidze, M. 1998. Harmful algal events in Georgian waters. In Reguera, B., J. Blanco, M. L. Fernández & T.Wyatt (eds), Harmful Algae. Proceeding of the VIII International Conference on Harmful Algae, Vigo, Spain 25–29 June 1997. Xunta de Galicia and I.O.C.: 91.

  • Dodge, J. D., 1975. The Prorocentrales (Dinophyceae). II. Revision of the taxonomy within the genus Prorocentrum. Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 71: 103–125.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, J. D. & R. D. Saunders, 1985. A partial revision of the genus Oxytoxum (Dinophyceae) with aid of scanning electron microscopy. Botanica Marina 28: 99–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowidar, N. M., 1974. The phytoplankton of the Mediterranean waters of Egypt. I. A check list of the species recorded. Bulletin of National Institute of Oceanography Fisheries, Arab Republic Egypt 4: 319–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eker, E., L. Georgieva, L. Senichkina & A. E. Kideys, 1999. Phytoplankton distribution in the western and eastern Black Sea in spring and autumn 1995. ICES Journal of Marine Science 56: S15–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eker, E. & A. E. Kideys, 2003. Distribution of phytoplankton in the southern Black Sea in summer 1996, spring and autumn 1998. Journal of Marine Systems 39: 203–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elbrächter, M. & B. Meyer, 2001. Plate pattern variability and plate overlap in a clonal culture of the freshwater dinoflagellate Peridinium umbonatum Stein species complex (Dinophyceae). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Palaontologie-Abhandlungen 219: 221–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Sherif, Z. M. & A. M. Ibrahim, 1993. Phytoplankton production, diversity and chlorophyll-a in the Suez Canal (Egypt). Bulletin of National Institute of Oceanography Fisheries, Arabic Republic Egypt 19: 119–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faust, M. A. & R. A. Gulledge, 2002. Identifying Harmful Marine Dinoflagellates. Contributions to the United States National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution 42: 1–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feyzioglu, M. & S. Tuncer, 1994. Seasonal changes at the net phytoplankton living Trabzon coasts of the eastern Black Sea. Turkish Journal of Biology 18: 161–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finenko, G. A., Z. A. Romanova, G. I. Abolmasova, B. E. Anninsky, L. S. Svetlichny, E. S. Hubareva, L. Bat & A. E. Kideys, 2003. Population dynamics, ingestion, growth and reproduction rates of the invader Beroe ovata and its impact on plankton community in Sevastopol Bay, the Black Sea. Journal of Plankton Research 25: 539–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez, F., 2003. Checklist of Mediterranean free-living dinoflagellates. Botanica Marina 46: 215–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomoiu, M. T., 1977. Les conséquences négatives de la “Floraison” des eaux a Exuviella cordata Ostenf. du littoral de la Mer Noir. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 24: 121–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gotsis-Skretas, O. & N. Frigilos, 1990. Contribution to eutrophication and phytoplankton ecology in the Thermaikos Gulf. Thalassographica 13: 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grese, V. N., 1979. On the bio-productive system of the Black Sea and its functional characteristics. Gidrobiologicheskiy Zhurnal 15: 3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallegraeff, G. M., 2002. Aquaculturists' Guide to Harmful Australian Microalgae. University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, 136 pp.

  • Hansen, G., N. Daugbjerg & P. Henriksen, 2000. Comparative study of Gymnodinium mikimotoi and Gymnodinium aureolum, comb. nov. (= Gyrodinium aureolum) based on morphology, pigment composition, and molecular data. Journal of Phycology 36: 394–410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsiao, S. I. C., 1983. A checklist of marine phytoplankton and sea ice microalgae recorded from Arctic Canada. Nova Hedwigia 37: 225–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Humborg, C., V. Ittekkot, A. Cociasu & B. V. Bodungen, 1997. Effect of Danube River dam on Black Sea biogeochemistry and ecosystem structure. Nature 386: 385–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ionescu, A L. & V. H. Skolka, 1968. Notes sur la physiologie et l'écologie du dinoflagellé Exuviaella cordata. Travaux du Muséum d'Historie Naturelle “Grigore Antipa”, Bucuresti 8: 207–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kisselew, I. A., 1950. Pantsirnyye zhigutikonostsy (Dinoflagellata) morey i presnykh vod SSSR. Izd-vo AN SSSR, Moscow, Leningrad, 279 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Komakhidze, A. & N. Mazmanidi, 1998. Black Sea Biological Diversity, Georgia. Black Sea Environmental Series, Vol. 8. United Nations Publications, New York, 167 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Konsulov, A., 1998. Black Sea Biological diversity, Bulgaria. Black Sea Environmental Series, Vol. 5. United Nations Publications, New York, 131 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koray, T., S. Gökpinar, S. Polat, M. Türkoğlu, L. Yurga, F. Çolak, H. A. Benli & E. Sarihan, 2000. Türkiye Denizlerinin (Karadeniz, Ege Denizi Ve Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz) Mikroplankton (Bir Hücreliler) Topluluklarinin Kalitatif Özelliklerinin Karsilastirilmasi. Su Ñrünleri Dergisi, Sayi: 3–4: 17: 275–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krakhmalny, A. F., 1994. Dinophyta of the Black Sea (Brief history of investigations and species diversity). Algologiya 4: 99–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krakhmalny, A. F., 2001. Gymnodinium radiatum Kofoid et Swezy (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyta): New species for Black Sea flora. Ukrayins'kyi Botanichnyi Zhurnal 58: 593–595.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krupatkina, D. K., Z. Z. Finenko & A. A. Shalapyonok, 1991. Primary production and size-fractionated structure of the Black Sea phytoplankton in the winter-spring period. Marine Ecology Progress Series 73: 25–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makarova, I. V., 1969. The formation and the affinities of the phytoplankton of the Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Bay. Botanicheskii Zhurnal Moscow 54: 389–398.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marasović, I., T. Pucher-Petković & V. Petrova-Karadjova, 1990. Prorocentrum minimum (Dinophyceae) in the Adriatic and Black Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of United Kingdom 70: 473–476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Margalef, R., 1973. Fitoplancton marino de la región de afloramiento del NW de África. Resultados de Expediciones Científicas del Buque Oceanográfico Cornide 2: 65–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., 1979. Some specific features of dinoflagellate Exuviaella cordata Ostf. blooms in the Black Sea. In Taylor, D. L. & H. H. Seliger (eds), Toxic Dinoflagellate Blooms, Elsevier North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford: 77–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., 1985. Effect of pollution on phytoplankton species. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 29: 85–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., 1986. Phytoplankton diversity indices as eutrophication indicators of the Romanian inshore waters. Cercetari Marine 18: 139–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., 1993. Blooms of Chrysophyta in the Black Sea. In Smayda, T. J. & Y. Shimizu (eds), Toxic Phytoplankton Blooms in the Sea. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: 293–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., 1997. Major shifts in the phytoplankton community (1980–1994) in the Romanian Black Sea. Oceanologica Acta 20: 119–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E. & E. Cuingioglu, 1982. Particularités des phénomènes de “Floraison”. Cercetari Marine 15: 27–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mihnea, P. E., E. Cuingioglu & I. Bilal, 1980. Modifications des communautés phytoplanctoniques littoraux sous l'influence du phénomène de pollution. V-es Journées d'Etudes de Pollution, Cagliari, Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco: 869–876.

  • Mikaelyan, A. S. & T. A. Zavyalova, 1999. Vertical distribution of heterotrophic phytoplankton in the Black Sea during the summer period. Oceanology 39: 813–821.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moncheva, S., L. Doncheva & L. Kamburska, 2001a. On the long-tem response of harmful algal blooms to the evolution of eutrophication off the Bulgarian Black Sea coast: are recent changes a sign of recovery of the ecosystem-the uncertainties. In Hallegraeff, G. M., S. I. Blackburn, C. J. Bolch & R. J. Lewis (eds), Harmful Algal Blooms. Proceeding of the IX International Conference of Harmful Algal Blooms, UNESCO-IOC, Hobart, Australia: 177–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moncheva, S., O. Gotsis-Skretas, K. Pagou & A. Krastev, 2001b. Phytoplankton blooms in Black Sea and Mediterranean coastal ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic eutrophication: similarities and differences. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 53: 281–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moncheva, S. & L. Kamburska, 2002. Plankton stowaways in the Black Sea-Impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem health. In Briand, F. (ed.), Alien Marine Organisms Introduced by Ships in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Workshop Monographs 20: 47–51.

  • Moncheva, S., V. Petrova-Karadjova & A. Palasov, 1995. Harmful algal blooms along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast and possible patterns of fish and zoobenthic mortalities. In Lassus, P., G. Arzul, E. Erard-Le Denn, P. Gentien & C. Marcaillou-Le Baut (eds), Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Lavoisier Ltd., Nantes: 193–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moncheva, S., G. Stereva, A. Krastev, N. Bodeanu, A. Kideys & S. Bayrakdar, 1998. Vertical distribution of summer phytoplankton in the western Black Sea during 1991–1995 with respect to some environmental factors. In Ivanov, L. & T. Oguz (eds), NATO TU-Black Sea Project: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea, Symposium on Scientific Results. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht: 327–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mudie, P. J., A. Rochon, A. E. Aksu & H. Gillespie, 2002. Dinoflagellate cysts, freshwater algae and fungal spores as salinity indicators in Late Quaternary cores from Marmara and Black Seas. Marine Geology 190: 203–231.

    Google Scholar 

  • Narusevich, T. F., 1983. Phytoplankton structure of stratified waters of the Central Black Sea. Hydrobiological Journal 19: 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1977. Development of phytoplankton of the northwest part of the Black Sea during spring, summer and autumn periods. Biologiya Morya 43: 17–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1979. Development of the peridinian Exuviella cordata and “red tide” phenomenon in the northwestern part of the Black Sea. Soviet Journal of Marine Biology 5: 393–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1982. On phytoplankton in the Egorlytsky and Tendrovsky Bays of the Black Sea. Ecologiya Morya 10: 39–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1986. Size breakdown of summer phytoplankton in the western Black Sea. Oceanology 26: 351–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1987. Characteristics of phytoplankton succession in the north-western Black Sea. Hydrobiological Journal 23: 16–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 1990. Study of the Black Sea phytoneuston. Ecologiya Morya 34: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A., 2001. Zonation of the north-western Black Sea accordingly to species composition of phytoplankton. Oceanology 55: 23–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesterova, D. A. & L. S. Vasilenko, 1986. Phytoplankton and phytoneuston in the shallow-water Bays of the Black Sea. Ecologiya Morya 23: 24–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nezlin, N. P., 1982. Seasonal species grouping of phytoplankton in the Black Sea littoral zone. Oceanology 22: 458–461.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okolodkov, Y. B., 1998. A checklist of dinoflagellates recorded from the Russian Arctic Seas. Sarsia 83: 267–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okolodkov, Y. B. & J. D. Dodge, 1995. Redescription of the planktonic dinoflagellate Peridiniella danica (Paulsen) comb. nov. and its distribution in the NE Atlantic. European Journal of Phycology 30: 299–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okolodkov, Y. B. & J. D. Dodge, 1996. Biodiversity and biogeography of planktonic dinoflagellates in the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 202: 19–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozturk, B., 1999. Black Sea Biological diversity, Turkey. Black Sea Environmental Series, Vol. 9. United Nations Publications, New York, 144 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parke, M. & J. D. Dodge, 1976. Dinophyta. Check-list of British Marine Algae. Third revision. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of United Kingdom 56: 527–594.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petranu, A., 1997. Black Sea Biological Diversity, Romania. Black Sea Environmental Series, Vol. 4, United Nations Publication, New York, 314 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petranu, A., M. Apas, N. Bodeanu, A. Bologa, C. Dumitrache, M. Moldoveanu, G. Radu & V. Tiganus, 1999. Status and evolution of the Romanian Black Sea coastal ecosystem. In Besiktepe, S., U. Unluata & A. Bologa (eds), Environmental Degradation of the Black Sea: Challenges and Remedies. The Netherlands: 175–195.

  • Petrova, V. J., 1965. Sur le phytoplancton de la mer Noire devant le littoral bulgare. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de laMer Méditerranée, Monaco 18: 357–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petrova-Karadjova, V. J., 1986. Dynamique du phytoplancton du littoral bulgare de la mer Noire en conditions d'eutrophication. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 30: 187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popovský, J. & L. A. Pfiester, 1990. Dinophyta (Dinoflagellata). In Ettl, H., J. Gerloff, H. Heynig & D. Mollenhauer (eds), Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa 6. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 272 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porumb, F., 1992. On the development of Noctiluca scintillans under eutrophication of Romanian Black Sea coastal waters. In Vollenweider, R. A., R. Marchetti & R. Viviani (eds), Marine Coastal Eutrophication: The Response of Marine Transitional Systems to Human Impact. Problems and Perspective for Restoration. Science of the Total Environment, S907–920.

  • Reguera, B. & S. González Gil, 2001. Small cell and intermediate cell formation in species of Dinophysis (Dinophyceae, Dinophysiales). Journal of Phycology 37: 318–333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rehnstam-Holm, A. S., A. Godhe & D. M. Anderson, 2002. Molecular studies of Dinophysis (Dinophyceae) species from Sweden and North America. Phycologia 41: 348–357.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, D. F. & M. I. Orlova, 2002. Geological and evolutionary underpinnings for the success of Ponto-Caspian species invasions in the Baltic Sea and North American Great Lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59: 1144–1158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senicheva, M. I., 1980. Seasonal dynamics of the phytoplankton number, biomass and production in the Sevastopol Bay. Ecologiya Morya 1: 3–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senicheva, M. I., 1983. Long-term dynamics of Exuviella cordata Ostenf. in Sevastopol Bay. In Polikarpov, G. G. (ed), State, Prospects for Development and Use of the Sea Ecological System in the Coastal Part of the Crimea. Sevastopol, Ukraine: 26–28.

  • Senicheva, M. I., 1990. Characteristics of phytoplankton as an object of nutrition for mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. in the region of the marine farm of the Laspi Bay. Ecologiya Morya 36: 7–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senicheva, M. I., 1995. Algae of the genus Dinophysis (Ehrenberg) in the Black Sea. Hydrobiological Journal 31: 33–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senicheva, M. I., 2000. Annual changes of phytoplankton community in the region of the Sevastopol oceanarium. Ecologiya Morya 53: 15–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V., 1960. Espèces phytoplanctoniques des eaux roumaines de la mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 15: 249–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V., 1963. La dynamique du phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire pendant l'année 1961. Rapports et Procèsverbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 17: 467–477.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V., 1965. Contribution a l'étude du phytoplancton de la partie Nord-Ouest de la Mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 18: 363–366.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V., 1968. Les pigments assimilateurs du phytoplancton du littoral roumain de la mer Noire. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Monaco 19: 567–570.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V., 1977. Le phytoplancton des mers saumâtres pontocaspiennes notamment de la Mer Noire. In Pora, E. A. & M. C. Bacescu (eds), Biologie des eaux saumâtres de la Mer Noire. I.R.C.M., Constantza: 76–91.

  • Skolka, H. V. & N. Bodeanu, 1978. Fitoplanctonul de la litoralul romanesc si eutrofizarea marii. In Ionescu, A. L., I. Sion & M. Stanciu (eds), Protectia Ecosistemelor: 162–166.

  • Skolka, H. V., N. Bodeanu & A. Roban, 1986. Contributions à l'étude systématique du phytoplancton méditerranéen devant les côtes libyennes. Cercetari Marine 19: 23–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V. & A. S. Bologa, 1990. L'eutrophisation et la production du phytoplancton des eaux de la mer Noire, devant la côte roumaine. Rapports et Procès-verbaux des réunions Conseil international pour l'exploration de laMer Méditerranée, Monaco 32: 210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V. & I. Cautis, 1971. Floraison d'Exuviaella cordata Ostenf. et ses conséquences sur la pêche marine en Roumanie au cours de l'année 1969. Cercetari Marine 1: 59–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skolka, H. V. & A. Roban, 1989. Répartition et dynamique du phytoplancton sur la plate-forme continentale roumaine au cours des années 1980–1981. Cercetari Marine 22: 147–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorokin, Y. I., 2002. The Black Sea: Ecology and Oceanography. Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands: 875 pp.

  • Sournia, A., 1982. Is there a shade flora in the marine plankton? Journal of Plankton Research 4: 391–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sournia, A., 1986. Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Vol. I: Introduction, Cyanophycées, Dictyochophycées, Dinophycées et Raphidophycées. Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 219 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sournia, A., 1995. Red-tides and toxic marine phytoplankton of the world ocean: an inquiry into biodiversity. In Lassus, P., G. Arzul, E. Erard-Le Denn, P. Gentien & C. Marcaillou-Le Baut (eds), Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Lavoisier Ltd., Nantes: 103–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steidinger, K. A. & K. Tangen, 1997. Dinoflagellates. In Tomas, C. R. (ed.), Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press, San Diego: 387–584.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stolbova, N. G., V. I. Vedernikov & A. S. Mikaelyan, 1982. Diurnal cell-division rhythm of dinoflagellates from the Black Sea. Oceanology 22: 365–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoyanova, A. P., 1999. New representatives of Noctilucales in the Bulgarian Black Sea coastal water. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie Bulgare de Sciences 52: 119–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukhanova, I. N., 1992. Exuviella compressa bloom in the Gulf of Burgas in autumn 1990. Oceanology 32: 476–479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukhanova, I. N. & A. Ye. Cheban, 1990. Heterotrophic phytoplankton of the Black Sea in the early spring development of the phytocenosis. Oceanology 30: 724–792.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukhanova, I. N., M. V. Flint, G. Hibaum, V. Karamfilov, A. I. Kopylov, E. Matveeva, T. N. Rat'hova & A. F. Sazhin, 1988. Exuviella cordata red tide in Bulgarian coastal waters (May to June 1986). Marine Biology 99: 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, F. J. R., 1976. Dinoflagellates from the International Indian Ocean Expedition. A report on material collected by R/V 'Anton Bruun' 1963–1964. Bibliotheca Botanica 132, 234 pp.

  • Terenko G. V., 2001. Phytoplankton species diversity from the Black Sea as a characteristic of ecosystem condition. Ecologiya Morya 58: 53–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terenko, L. M. & G. V. Terenko, 2000. Species diversity of the plankton phytocenosis in the Odessa Bay of the Black Sea. Ecologiya Morya 52: 56–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turkoglu, M. & T. Koray, 2000. Ecological and geographical distributions of the planktonic protista in the southern parts of the Black Sea (neritic waters of Sinop Peninsula, Turkey). Su Ñrünleri Dergisi, Sayi: 1–2: 17: 161–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turkoglu, M. & T. Koray, 2002. Phytoplankton species' succession and nutrients in the southern Black Sea (Bay of Sinop). Turkish Journal of Botany 26: 235–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uysal, Z., 1993. A Preliminary study on some plankters along the Turkish Black Sea coast. Species composition and spatial distribution. Ph.D. The Middle East Technical University, Erdemli-Içel, Turkey, 148 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uysal, Z., 2001. On the formation of net phytoplankton patches in the southern Black Sea during the spring. Hydrobiologia 485: 173–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Velikova, V. N., 1998. Long-term study of red tides in the western Black Sea and their ecological modeling. In Reguera, B., J. Blanco, M. L. Fernández & T. Wyatt (eds), Harmful Algae. Proceeding of the VIII International Conference on Harmful Algae, Vigo, Spain 25–29 June 1997. Xunta de Galicia and I.O.C.: 192–195.

  • Velikova, V. & J. Larsen, 1999. The Prorocentrum cordatum/Prorocentrum minimum taxonomic problem. Grana 38: 108–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Velikova, V., S. Moncheva, & D. Petrova, 1999. Phytoplankton dynamics and red tides (1987–1997) in the Bulgarian Black Sea. Water Science and Technology 39: 27–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viličić, D., I. Marasović & D. Mioković, 2002. Check-list of phytoplankton in the eastern Adriatic Sea. Acta Botanica Croatica 61: 57–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vinogradov, M. Ye & E. A. Shushkina, 1992. Temporal changes in community structure in the open Black Sea. Oceanology 32: 485–491.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyatt, T. & J. T. Carlton, 2002. Phytoplankton introductions in European coastal waters: why are so few invasions reported? In Briand, F. (ed.), Alien Marine Organisms Introduced by Ships in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Conseil international pour l'exploration de la Mer Méditerranée, Workshop Monographs 20: 47–51.

  • Zaitsev, Y. P. & B. G. Alexandrov, 1998. Black Sea Biological Diversity, Ukraine. Black Sea Environmental Series, Vol. 7. United Nations Publications, New York, 351 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zav'yalova, T. A. & A. S. Mikaelyan, 1997. Heterotrophic phytoplankton of the Black Sea: Species composition and spatial distribution. Oceanology 37: 385–391.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquatic Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Fernando Gómez

  2. National Institute for Marine Research and Development ‘Grigore Antipa’, 300 Mamaia Bdv, RO-900581, Constantza, Romania

    Laura Boicenco

Authors
  1. Fernando Gómez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Laura Boicenco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gómez, F., Boicenco, L. An annotated checklist of dinoflagellates in the Black Sea. Hydrobiologia 517, 43–59 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027336.05452.07

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000027336.05452.07

Search

Navigation