Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Response Surface Method Optimization to Improve Copper Extraction from Refractory Copper Oxide Ore

  • Published:
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design to improve copper extraction from refractory copper oxide ore were investigated. Based on single factor tests, quadratic polynomial equation to describe the relationship between influencing factors (particle size, leaching temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time) and copper leaching rate could be obtained by RSM. The optimum parameters determined by the model are as follows: particle size 64.60% − 74 µm, leaching temperature 74.15 °C, sulfuric acid concentration 0.49 mol/L, and leaching time 140.85 min. Under these conditions, experimental copper leaching rate of 85.12% could be achieved, which was very close to the predicted maximum value (85.34%) by the model, indicating the quadratic polynomial model was accurate and reliable. Copper leaching rate increased approximately by five percentage points comparing to the result of single factor tests. This study indicates that response surface methodology is an effective method to optimize experiment conditions and achieve an ideal experiment result.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Northey S, Haque N, Mudd G (2013) Using sustainability reporting to assess the environmental footprint of copper mining. J Clean Prod 40:118–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sverdrup HU, Ragnarsdottir KV, Koca D (2014) On modelling the global copper mining rates, market supply, copper price and the end of copper reserves. Resour Conserv Recycl 87:158–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhang DJ, Leng YY (2013) Deposit types and geological characteristics of copper deposits in Zambia. Geol Explor 49(3):570–576

    Google Scholar 

  4. Liu JC, Mo JP, Liu C (2016) Genesis of copper deposits in copperbelt of Zambia. Miner Resour Geol 30(2):203–207

    Google Scholar 

  5. Liu RQ, Feng SY (2013) Zambia’s major ore resources and typical deposits. Resour Ind 15(3):57–61

    Google Scholar 

  6. Wang GR, Yang HY, Tong LL, Liu YY (2019) Research on technological mineralogy of copper oxide ore in Luanshya, Zambia. J Northeast Univers (Nat. Sci) 40(3):350–355

  7. Yu BQ, Sun CB, Kou J (2021) Process mineralogical study on refractory copper oxide ore in Zambia. Metal mine 536:110–114

    Google Scholar 

  8. Yao GH, Yan JL, Wang HJ, Wu AX (2010) Study on heated agitation leaching of copper oxide ore with high mud content. Science paper online 5(11):855-860

  9. Hu M, Li XH, Zhang GH, He L, Ji SS, Ding JN (2015) Enhanced leaching experimental study on high combination rate clay oxide copper ore. China Mining Magazine 24(10):160-163

  10. Sun X, Chen B, Yang X et al (2009) Technological conditions and kinetics of leaching copper from complex copper oxide ore. J Cent South Univ Technol 16:936–941

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Guan S, Deng F, Huang SQ, Liu SY, Ai LX, She PY (2017) Optimization of magnetic field-assisted ultrasonication for the disintegration of waste activated sludge using Box-Behnken Design with response surface methodology. Ultroson Sonochem 38:9–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Silva E, Rogez H, Larondelle Y (2007) Optimization of extraction of phenolics from Inga edulis leaves using response surface methodology. Sep Purif Technol 55:381–387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Liyanapathirana C, Shahidi F (2005) Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from wheat using response surface methodology. Food Chem 93:47–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Manzato L, Takeno ML, Pessoa-Junior WAG, Mariuba LAM, Simonsen J (2018) Optimization of cellulose extraction from jute fiber by Box-Behnken design. Fiber Polym 19:289–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Shahraki S, Karamoozian M, Azizi A (2018) Desulfurization of coal by HNO3 leaching: optimization of influential factors using Box-Behnken design. J Min Environ 9(3):657–665

    Google Scholar 

  16. Agacayak T, Ahmed MT (2020) Optimization and modeling of leaching parameters affecting nickel dissolution from lateritic ore in Eskisehir (Mihaliccik- Yunusemre) using Box-Behnken experimental design. J Environ Anal Chem 7(1):1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Box GEP, Hunter JS, Hunter WG (2005) Statistics for experimenters: design, innovation, and discovery, 2nd edn, Wiley, 672p

  18. Yang LS, Wang JX, Sun XH et al (2019) Multi-objective optimization design of spiral demister with punched holes by combining response surface method and genetic algorithm. Powder Technol 355:106–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Gosu V, Arora S, Subbaramaiah V (2020) Simultaneous degradation of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds by catalytic wetperoxidation process using Box-Behnken design. Environ Eng Res 25(4):488–497

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Sample preparation and characterization by the University of Science and Technology Beijing for this paper are gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NORIN MINING LIMITED, Beijing, China

    Baoqiang Yu, Deguang Zhan, Jingzhi Liu, Huai Wang, Simin Yang & Xueping Hu

Authors
  1. Baoqiang Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Deguang Zhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jingzhi Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Huai Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Simin Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Xueping Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Baoqiang Yu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yu, B., Zhan, D., Liu, J. et al. Response Surface Method Optimization to Improve Copper Extraction from Refractory Copper Oxide Ore. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 39, 2221–2228 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00670-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00670-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation