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Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Guibourtia ehie on Human Prostate (PC-3) and Breast Cancer (MC-7) Cell Lines and in silico Studies on Its Metabolite 7,4′-Dihydroxyflavone

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Abstract

Guibourtia ehie (A. Chev.).Léonard (leguminosae), is a forest tree of Africa used traditionally for tumours, wound cleansing and diarrhoea. However, some of these ethnomedical uses have not been validated scientifically. The present study aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of the plant extract. The study further evaluates the contribution of its metabolite 7,4′-dihydroxyflavone to these effects. Anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract of the stem bark of G. ehie was established using the carrageenan induced foot oedema in 7-day-old chicks at 30–100 mg/kg body weight with diclofenac as reference drug. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was used for the antioxidant test whereas cytotoxic effect was done using prostate cancer (PC-3) and breast cancer (MC-7) cell lines with MTT as a measure of cell viability. In silico analysis of the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the compound isolated from the plant was also performed. The extract and reference drug diclofenac inhibited foot pad oedema by 28.58% and 61.99% respectively over the 5-hour period. The isolate showed a marginally higher activity than the extract (32.64%). The extract was cytotoxic against breast (MC-7) and prostate (PC-3) cancer cell lines with respective IC50 values of 67.43 and 61.12 µg/mL but showed poor selectivity index (SI < 2). The isolate 7,4′-dihydroxyflavone was non-cytotoxic and this was also confirmed from the in-silico studies. G. ehie and its isolate exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect as suggested by folklore medicine. The extract was cytotoxic to breast and prostate cancer cell lines but was nonselective.

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Abbreviations

MCP-2:

Monocyte chemotactic protein-2

MCP-3:

Monocyte chemotactic protein-3

iNOS:

intracellular nitric oxide synthase

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1

TNF-α:

Tumour necrosis Factor-α

IL:

Interleukin

B-NGF:

Beta-nerve growth factor

mPGES-1:

Microsomal PGE-2 synthase-1

PGE:

Prostaglandin E

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Acknowledgements

Authors are indebted to technical staff of the Departments of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology (KNUST), Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, University of Ghana School of Pharmacy and University of Health and Allied sciences. Technical staff of Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research are also duly acknowledged. We are also grateful to technical staff of INFU, Dortmund technical University, Germany, for the assistance with spectroscopic data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana

    Isaac Kingsley Amponsah, Gina Flor Ramos, Edmund Ekuadzi & Elikplim Kwesi Ampofo

  2. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria

    Gina Flor Ramos

  3. Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana

    Benjamin Kingsley Harley

  4. Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, University of Ghana School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box LG 43, Legon, Accra, Ghana

    Joseph Adusei Sarkodie

  5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana

    Inemesit Okon Ben

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Amponsah, I.K., Ramos, G.F., Harley, B.K. et al. Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Guibourtia ehie on Human Prostate (PC-3) and Breast Cancer (MC-7) Cell Lines and in silico Studies on Its Metabolite 7,4′-Dihydroxyflavone. Chemistry Africa 5, 627–639 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250-022-00359-8

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