Skip to main content
Log in

Quantum Worldviews: How science and spirituality are converging to transform consciousness for meaningful solutions to wicked problems

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Humanistic Management Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article focuses on the concept of worldviews, arguing that a change in managerial worldviews is the key lever for addressing the social and global challenges facing humanity. We draw from a new synthesis of science and spirituality, with the addition of “other ways of knowing” that go beyond rational-empirical analysis, to suggest that what we call Quantum Worldviews are capable of generating the prosocial and pro-environmental behavior consistent with humanistic management. Using the yin-yang symbol as a metaphor, we suggest that a transformation in consciousness, at the level of the paradigmatic assumptions held by managers about the nature of reality, can be understood through adult development theory. We also go beyond the metaphor to propose a quantum worldview based on a more literal interpretation of quantum science to fundamentally re-conceptualize what it means to be human, drawing on quantum research that suggests ontological wholeness and interdependence of all. Quantum Worldviews can help leaders, and the various systems of which they are a part, transition to a new science-based consciousness - long intuited by indigenous and nonwestern spiritual leaders - of an interconnected and dynamically coherent world. We identify a variety of practices that give managers a direct experience of Oneness, changing who they are at the deepest level of self-concept. Our research suggests that only when using such practices, and in sufficient numbers, will business leaders become agents of world benefit with the collective influence to bring about meaningful solutions to climate change and other wicked problems—in other words, needed system transformation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. The double-slit experiment pinpoints the probabilistic and indeterminate nature of quantum mechanical phenomena by demonstrating that light and matter can display characteristics of both waves and particles, the wave-particle duality (Levy 2018; Schaefer 2013).

  2. While classical physics is the science of daily life where objects are separable and subject to forces that push them toward equilibrium, quantum mechanics and associated consciousness research suggest a dynamic world of potentiality in which entangled phenomena exist far from equilibrium. In the latter, mind and matter are two sides of the same coin (hence ‘monism’).

  3. To deny your dignity is to deny mine; or you deny mine because you deny your own.

  4. ECLET is an acronym for the Emergent Cyclical Levels of Existence Theory researched and developed by Clare Graves in the 1950 and 1960 s. His work gave rise to Spiral Dynamics (Beck and Cowan 2005) among other human development frameworks.

  5. From Encylopedia.com, Weltanschauung, translated as worldview: https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/philosophy/philosophy-terms-and-concepts/worldview-philosophy.

  6. A more accurate description of the challenge in changing one’s lenses deeply rooted in the classical reductionist materialist separatist mindset.

  7. This idea is based on the maxim that “You never change something by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.”

  8. https://e360.yale.edu/features/paul-hawken-on-one-hundred-solutions-to-the-climate-crisis.

  9. The Fathers of the Catholic Church distinguish between theology (theologia) and economy (oikonomia). “Theology” refers to the mystery of God’s inmost life within the Blessed Trinity and “economy” to all the works by which God reveals himself and communicates his life. Through the oikonomia the theologia is revealed to us; but conversely, the theologia illuminates the whole oikonomia. God’s works reveal who he is in himself; the mystery of his inmost being enlightens our understanding of all his works. So it is, analogously, among human persons. A person discloses himself in his actions, and the better we know a person, the better we understand his actions (CCC §236).

  10. Studies include the International Peace Project in the Middle East.Maharishi, the Peace-making Project in Washington DC, and the Invincible America Assembly (IAA) project in Fairfield Iowa.

  11. The formula is that only 1% of the population (if the meditators are TM level), or square root of 1% of the population (if the meditators are TM-Siddha level), is needed to generate collective coherence and counter hostile tendencies for the entire population.

References

  • Anderson, P. 1999. Perspective: Complexity theory and organization science. Organization Science 10 (3): 216–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkins, W.B., D.S. Wilson, and S.C. Hayes. 2019. Prosocial: Using evolutionary science to build productive, equitable, and collaborative groups. Oakland: Context Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barad, K. 2007. Meeting the universe halfway: Quantum physics and the entanglment of matter and meaning. Durham: Duke University Press.

  • Batie, S. S. 2008. Wicked problems and applied economics. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 90 (5): 1176–1191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, D. R., and C. C. Cowan. 2005. Spiral dynamics: Mastering values, leadership, and change. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bokati, L., O. Kosheleva, and V. Kreinovich. 2020. When Revolutions Succeed? 80/20 Rule and 7 Plus Minus 2 Law Explain the 3.5% Rule. UTEP Digital Commons, https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/cs_techrep/1353/, viewed 1.9.2020.

  • Brosnan, S. F., and F. B. de Waal. 2012. Fairness in animals: Where to from here? Social Justice Research 25 (3): 336–351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, S. L., and K. M. Eisenhardt. 1997. The art of continuous change: linking complexity theory and time-paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly 42: 1–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruni, L., and A. Smerilli. 2014. The economics of values-based organisations: An introduction. Abingdon: Routledge.

  • Capra, F. 2005. Complexity and life. Theory, Culture & Society 22 (5): 33–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capra, F., and P.L. Luisi. 2014. The Systems View of Life: A Unifying Vision. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capra, Fritjof. 1995. The Web of Life. New York: Anchor Doubleday.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chenoweth, E., and J.J. Stephan. 2012. Why civil resistance works: the strategic logic of nonviolent conflict. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chenoweth, E. 2017. It may only take 3.5% of the population to topple a dictator—with civil resistance. The Guardian, February 1, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/feb/01/worried-american-democracy-study-activist-techniques, viewed 1.9.2020.

  • Churchman, C. W. 1967. Guest editorial: Wicked problems. Management Science 14 (4): B141–B142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coady, N. 2016. The science and art of direct practice: An overview of theory and of a reflective, intuitive-inductive approach to practice. In Theoretical perspectives for direct social work practice: A generalist-eclectic approach, eds. N. Coady, and P. Lehmann, 37–59. Berlin: Springer Publishing Company.

  • Coates, John, Mel Gray, and Tiani Hetherington. 2006. An ‘ecospiritual’perspective: Finally, a place for Indigenous approaches. British Journal of Social Work 36.3: 381–399.

  • Conklin, J. 2006. Wicked problems & social complexity. 11. Napa, USA: CogNexus Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook-Greuter, S. R. 2004. Making the case for a developmental perspective. Industrial and Commercial Training 36 (7): 275–281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crilly, D., S. C. Schneider, and M. Zollo. 2008. Psychological antecedents to socially responsible behavior. European Management Review 5 (3): 175–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Waal, F.B. 1996. Good natured (No. 87). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dow, J. 1986. Universal aspects of symbolic healing: A theoretical synthesis. American Anthropologist 88 (1): 56–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Filip, B. 2020. The Rise of Neo-liberalism and the Decline of Freedom. Berlin: Springer International Publishing AG.

  • Four Arrows (aka Donald Trent Jacobs). 2016. Point of Departure: Returning to Our More Authentic Worldview for Education and Survival. Charlotte: IAP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frecska, Ede. 2012. The direct-intuitive-nonlocal mind: Another foundation for knowledge. In The new science and spirituality reader, eds. Laszlo, E. and K. L. Dennis, 90–94. Rochester: Inner Traditions.

  • Ghosh, Amitav. 2018. The great derangement: Climate change and the unthinkable. New York: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilligan, C. 1982. In a different voice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goswami, A. 1993. The self-aware universe: How consciousness creates the material world. New York: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grobman, G. M. 2005. Complexity Theory: a new way to look at organizational change. Public Administration Quarterly 29 (3/4): 350–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grzeda, M. 2019. Tikkun Olam: Exploring a spiritual path to sustainability. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion 16 (5): 413–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hameroff, S., and R. Penrose. 2014. Consciousness in the universe: A review of the ‘Orch OR’theory. Physics of Life Reviews 11 (1): 39–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, Laura, and Jacqueline Wasilewski. 2004. Indigenous Wisdom of the People Forum: Strategies for expanding a web of transnational Indigenous interactions. Systems Research and Behavioral Science 21: 505–514.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassanien, A. E., M. Elhoseny, and J. Kacprzyk, eds. 2018. Quantum computing: an environment for intelligent large scale real application. Berlin: Springer International Publishing.

  • Henrich, J. 2017. The secret of our success: How culture is driving human evolution, domesticating our species, and making us smarter. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hicks, D., and S. Waddock. 2016. Dignity, wisdom, and tomorrow’s ethical business leader. Business and society Review 121 (3): 447–462.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jamali, D., and Y. Sdiani. 2013. Does religiosity determine affinities to CSR? Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion 10 (4): 309–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiranek, William, P. Keogh, David Lewallen, Paul Manner, Wojciech Marczynski, J.B. Mason, and Heinz Winkler. 2014. One-stage versus two-stage exchange. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 32: S141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., and A. Tversky. 2000. Choices, values, and frames. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  • Kak, S. 2020. Information theory and dimensionality of space. Scientific Reports 10: 20733. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77855-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kauffman, S. 1995. At Home in the Universe: The Search for the Laws of Self-Organization and Complexity. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kegan, Robert. 1982. The Evolving Self: Problem and Process in Human Development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kegan, Robert. 1994. In over our heads: The mental demands of modern life. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

  • Kimmerer, R. W. 2013. Braiding sweetgrass: Indigenous wisdom, scientific knowledge and the teachings of plants. Minneapolis: Milkweed Editions.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlberg, Lawrence. 1973. Stages and aging in moral development—some speculation. Gerontologists 1: 498–502.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlberg, Lawrence. 1976. Moral Stages and Moralization: The Cognitive-Developmental Approach, in Thomas Lickona, editor, Gilbert Geis and Lawrence Kohlberg, consulting editors, Moral Development and Behavior: Theory, Research, and Social Issues, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

  • Korten, David C. 2015. Change the story, change the future: A living economy for a living Earth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, T. 2012. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary Edition. Fourth edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • Laloux, F. 2014. Reinventing organizations: A guide to creating organizations inspired by the next stage in human consciousness. Millis: Parker Nelson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanza, R. 2009. Biocentrism: How life and consciousness are the keys to understanding the true nature of the universe. Dallas: Benbella Books.

  • Laszlo, C. 2019. Strengthening Humanistic Management. Humanistic Management Journal 4: 85–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laszlo, C. 2020. Quantum Management: The Practices and Science of Flourishing Enterprise. Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Religion 17(4): 301-315.

  • Laszlo, C. et. al. 2012. Flourishing: A Vision for Business and the World. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship 46(Summer 2012): 31 – 51

  • Lawson, T. 1997. Economics and reality, vol 9. Hove: Psychology Press.

  • Lent, J. 2017. The Patterning Instinct: A Cultural History of Humanity’s Search for Meaning. Amherst: Prometheus Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lessem, R., and F. F. Neubauer. 1994. European management systems: towards unity out of cultural diversity. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company Limited.

  • Levy, P. 2018. Quantum Revelation: A Radical Synthesis of Science and Spirituality. New York: SelectBooks.

  • Lipton, Bruce H., and Steve Bhaerman. 2009. Spontaneous Evolution: Our Positive Future and How to Get There. New York: Hay House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lissack, M. R., and H. Letiche. 2002. Complexity, Emergence, Resilience, and Coherence: Gaining Perspective on Organizations and their Study. Emergence 4 (3): 72–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Grange, Lesley. 2007. Integrating western and indigenous knowledge systems: The basis for effective science education in South Africa? International Review of Education 53 (5): 577–591.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovins, L. H. 2016. Needed: A better story. Humanistic Management Journal 1 (1): 75–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maldonado, C. 2020. The world as a quantum information processor. Preprints 2020, 2020020301. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202002.0301.v1.

  • Mandelbrot, B. B. 1983. The fractal geometry of nature. vol. 173. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, Calvin Luther. 1999. The Way of the Human Being. London: Yale University Press.

  • Mason, R., and I. Mitroff. 2010. Complexity: The nature of real world problems. In Strategy: process, content, context: An international perspective, eds. De Wit & Meyer, 27–33. Boston: Cengage Learning

  • Maturana, H.R., and F.J. Varela. 1987. The tree of knowledge: The biological roots of human understanding. Boulder: New Science Library/Shambhala Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows, Donella. 1997/1999. Leverage Points: Places to Intervene in a System. Harland: The Sustainability Institute. Posted at: http://donellameadows.org/archives/leverage-points-places-to-intervene-in-a-system/.

  • Melé, D. 2012. The firm as a “community of persons”: A pillar of humanistic business ethos. Journal of Business Ethics 106 (1): 89–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melé, D., and M. Schlag. 2015. Christian humanism in economics and business. In Humanism in Economics and Business, 1–10. Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mion, G., C. L. Adaui, and G. Crepaldi. 2011. Verso il metaprofit: gratuità e profitto nella gestione d’impresa. vol. 12. Siena: Cantagalli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitroff, I. I. 2021a. Reality is that which challenges our fundamental beliefs: The underlying philosophical basis of crisis management. Psychology Today, May 6, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/crisis-management/202105/reality-is-which-challenges-our-fundamental-beliefs?amp.

  • MItroff, I. I. 2021b. Understanding the connections between different crises. Part I: Crisis management’s greatest challenge. Psychology Today, March 22, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/crisis-management/202103/understanding-the-connections-between-different-crises.

  • Monbiot, George. 2016. Neoliberalism—the ideology at the root of all of our problems. The Guardian, April 15, 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/apr/15/neoliberalism-ideology-problem-george-monbiot.

  • Neal, J., ed. 2018. Handbook of personal and organizational transformation. Berlin: Springer.

  • Nussbaum, B. 2003. Ubuntu: Reflections of a South African on our common humanity. Reflections 4: 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1162/152417303322004175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nigri, G., M. Del Baldo, and A. Agulini. 2020. The Mondora Method: Quantum Leaders in Benefit Corporations. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 1(ahead-of-print).

  • O’Brien, K. L. 2016. Climate change and social transformations: Is it time for a quantum leap? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 7 (5): 618–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien, K. 2021. You matter more than you think: Quantum social change in response to a world in crisis. University of Oslo: Adaptation-CONNECTS.

  • Orme-Johnson, D. W., and L. Fergusson. 2018. Global impact of the Maharishi Effect from 1974 to 2017: Theory and research. Journal of Maharishi Vedic Research Institute 8: 13–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perey, R. 2014. Organizing sustainability and the problem of scale: local, global, or fractal? Organization & Environment 27 (3): 215–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirson, M. 2017. Humanistic management: Protecting dignity and promoting well-being. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Pirson, Michael A., and Paul R. Lawrence. 2010. Humanism in Business—Towards a Paradigm Shift? Journal of Business Ethics 93 (4): 553–565.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prigogine, I., and G. Nicolis. 1977. Self-Organization in Non-Equilibrium Systems. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prigogine, Ilya, and Isabelle Stengers. 1984. Order Out of Chaos: Man’s New Dialogue with Nature. Boulder: New Science Library.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rittel, H. W., and M. M. Webber. 1973. Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences 4 (2): 155–169.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotmans, J., and D. Loorbach. 2009. Complexity and transition management. Journal of Industrial Ecology 13 (2): 184–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schäfer, L. 2013. Infinite Potential: What Quantum Physics Reveals About How We Should Live. Deepak Chopra Books, an imprint of Crown Publishing Group, a division of Random House.

  • Suriyankietkaew, S., and P. Kantamara. 2019. Business ethics and spirituality for corporate sustainability: A Buddhism perspective. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion 16 (3): 264–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torbert, William R. and associates. 2004. Action Inquiry: The Secret of Timely and Transforming Leadership. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

  • Torbert, W. R., and S. S. Taylor. 2013. Action Inquiry: Interweaving Multiple Qualities of Attention for Timely Action. The SAGE Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry and Practice, 239.

  • Tsao, F. and C. Laszlo. 2019. Quantum Leadership: New Consciousness in Business. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.

  • Varela, F. G., H. R. Maturana, and R. Uribe. 1974. Autopoiesis: the organization of living systems, its characterization and a model. Biosystems 5 (4): 187–196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieten, C., H. Wahbeh, B.R. Cahn, K. MacLean, M. Estrada, P. Mills, M. Murphy, S. Shapiro, D. Radin, Z. Josipovic, D.E. Presti, M. Sapiro, J. Chozen Bays, P. Russell, D. Vago, F. Travis, R. Walsh, and A. Delorme. 2018. Future directions in meditation research: Recommendations for expanding the field of contemplative science. PloS One 13 (11): e0205740. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205740.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waddock, S., and E. Steckler. 2016. Visionaries and wayfinders: Deliberate and emergent pathways to vision in social entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Ethics 133 (4): 719–734.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waddock, S. 2016. Foundational Memes for a New Narrative about the Role of Business in Society. Humanistic Management Journal 1: 91–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waddock, S., D. Dentoni, G. Meszoely, and S. Waddell. 2015. The Complexity of Wicked Problems in Large System Change. Journal of Organizational Change Management 28 (6): 993–1012.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, R. K. 1970. Physiological effects of transcendental meditation. Science 167 (3926): 1751–1754.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wasieleski, D., S. Waddock, and P. Shrivastava. 2020. Management and the sustainability paradox: Reconnecging the human chain. Abington-on-Thames: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wendt, A. 2015. Quantum Mind and Social Science: Unifying Physical and Social Ontology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Wilber, Ken. 2002. A Theory of Everything: An Integral Vision for Business, Politics, Science, and Spirituality. Boston: Shambhala.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilczek, Frank. 2021. Fundamentals: Ten Keys to Reality. London: Penguin Press.

  • Yogi, Maharishi Mahesh. 1963. Science of being and art of living: Transcendental meditation. Meridian.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chris Laszlo.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors certify that no conflict of interest exists in the research, writing, and submission of this paper.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Laszlo, C., Waddock, S., Maheshwari, A. et al. Quantum Worldviews: How science and spirituality are converging to transform consciousness for meaningful solutions to wicked problems. Humanist Manag J 6, 293–311 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41463-021-00114-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41463-021-00114-0

Keywords

Navigation