Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Length–Weight Relationship, Condition Factor, Gonadosomatic Index and Gut-Content Analysis of Planiliza planiceps (Valenciennes 1836) (Actinopterygii, Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) from the Four Major Estuaries of Gujarat, India

  • Published:
Thalassas: An International Journal of Marine Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Planiliza planiceps (Valenciennes 1836) commonly known as tade-grey mullet is having non-carnivorous feeding habit, high-quality flesh, wide environmental resilience power and high fecundity make it a good candidate for poly-culture. A study was conducted on P. planiceps in the four major estuaries of Gujarat between June 2017 to March 2018. The significant results of the length–weight relationship were measured. The male populations were showing negative allometric (b < 3) growth in all the study sites i.e., Sabarmati, Mahi, Narmada and Tapi estuaries. The female populations from Sabarmati and Mahi were showing isometric growth while from Narmada and Tapi were showing positive (b > 3) and negative (b < 3) allometric growth respectively. The Fulton’s condition factor of males and females was measured and the average condition factor in males were reported as 0.81 \(\pm\) 0.08, 0.71 \(\pm\) 0.11, 0.91 \(\pm\) 0.18, 0.86 \(\pm\) 0.15 and in females were reported as 0.90 \(\pm\) 0.10, 0.82 \(\pm\) 0.08, 0.87 \(\pm\) 0.12, 0.97 \(\pm\) 0.21 from the Sabarmati, Mahi, Narmada and Tapi estuaries respectively. The mean gonadosomatic index (IG) was observed 16.92 \(\pm\) 2.46 from Sabarmati, 8.73 \(\pm\) 1.39 from Mahi, 7.87 \(\pm\) 1.56 from Narmada and 7.60 \(\pm\) 1.34 from Tapi. Gut content analysis confirmed that P. planiceps consumes rotifers, copepods, phytoplankton such as Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Ulvophyceae, Zygnematophyceae and Chlorophyceae; zooplanktons and fish eggs. The present study findings will be useful in the context of scientific management of tade-grey mullet fishery as well as to find out its aquaculture potential.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson R, Gutreuter S (1983) Length, weight and associated structural indices. In: Nielsen L, Johnson D (eds) Fisheries Techniques. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD, pp 283–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagenal TB, Tesch FW (1978) Age and growth. In: Bagenal TB (ed) Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford 101–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhatt D, Mankodi P (2020) Diversity record of family mugilidae (Cuvier, 1829) from the estuary of sabarmati river, Gujarat. India J Biol Stud 3(2):58–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhatt DM, Sarma KJ, Thakkar NJ, Mankodi PC (2021) Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Rhinomugil corsula (Hamilton, 1822) (Actinopterygii, Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) in Four Major Estuaries of Gujarat. India J Fish Environ 45(3):53–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Biswas G, Ananda RR, De D, Sundaray JK, Ghoshal TK, Anand S, Kumar S, Panigrahi A, Thirunavukkarasu AR, Ponniah AG (2012) Evaluation of productions and economic returns from two brackish water polyculture systems in tide-fed ponds. J Appl Ichth 28(1):116–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blaber SJM, Whitfield AK (1977) The feeding ecology of juvenile mullet (Mugilidae) in south-east african estuaries. Biol J Linn Soc 9:277–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardona L, Royo P, Toras X (2001) Effects of leaping grey mullet Liza saliens (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae) in the macrophyte beds of oligohaline Mediterranean coastal lagoons. Hydrobiologia 462:233–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crosetti D, Blaber SJ (2016) Biology. Boca Raton, Florida, United States, CRC Press, ecology and culture of grey mullets (Mugilidae) 529

    Google Scholar 

  • Day F (1888) The fishes of India: being a natural history of the fishes known to inhabit the seas and fresh waters of India, Burma, and Ceylon. India, Williams & Norgate Publisher, London 1:816

    Google Scholar 

  • De Silva SS, Silva ED (1979) Biology of young grey mullet, Mugil cephalus L. Populations in a Coastal Lagoon in Sri Lanka. J Fish Biol 15(1):9–20

  • De Vries AN, Govoni D, Árnason SH, Carlsson P (2020) Microplastic ingestion by fish: Body size, condition factor and gut fullness are not related to the amount of plastics consumed. Mar Pollut Bull 151(110827):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110827

  • Dhanze R, Dhanse JR (1997) Biology of scale carp and grass carp – Length-weight relationship and growth performance under the agroclimatic zone of Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Fish 44(3):255–263

    Google Scholar 

  • Everhart WH, Eiper AW, Youngs WD (1975) Principles of fishery science. Cornel University Press, New York, USA 228

    Google Scholar 

  • Fricke R, Eschmeyer WN, Van der Laan R (eds) (2021) Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes: Genera, Species. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp. Accessed 21st Jul 2021

  • Froese R (2006) Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: History. Meta-Analysis and Recommendations. J Appl Ichthyol 22(4):241–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Froese R, Pauly D (2021) FishBase. World wide web electronic publication. http://www.fishbase.org/search.php. Accessed 21st Jul 2021

  • Froese R, Tsikliras AC, Stergiou KI (2011) Editorial note on weight-length relations of fishes. Acta Ichthyol Piscat 41(4):261–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fulton TW (1904) The rate of growth of fishes. Twenty-second Annual Report 141–241

  • González-Castro M, Minos G (2016) Sexuality and reproduction of Mugilidae. In: Crosetti D, Blaber S (eds) Biology, Ecology and Culture of Grey Mullets (Mugilidae). Florida, United States, CRC Press, Boca Raton 237–273

  • Heincke F (1908) Bericht über die Untersuchungen der Biologischen Anstalt auf Helgoland zur Naturgeschichte der Nutzfische. (1 Apr 1905 bis 1 Okt 1907). In: Die Beteiligung Deutschlands an der Internationalen Meeresforschung, 4 & 5 Jahresbericht. Verlag von Otto Salle, Berlin 67–150

  • Hoda SS (1987) Relative growths of body parts and length-weight relationships in Boleophthalmus Dussumieri and B. dentatus of karachi coast. Indian J Fish 34(1):120–127

  • Isa MM, Basri MNA, Zawawi MZM, Yahya K, Nor SAM (2012) Length-weight relationships of some important estuarine fish species from Merbok Estuary. Kedah J Nat Sci Res 2:8–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Jisr N, Younes G, Sukhn C, El-Dakdouki MH (2018) Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of fish inhabiting the marine area of the eastern mediterranean city. Tripoli-Lebanon Egypt J Aquat Res 44(4):299–305

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khallaf E, Galal M & Athuman M (2003) The Biology of Oreochromis Niloticus in a polluted canal. Ecotoxicol 12l:405–416

  • Le Cren ED (1951) The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). J Anim Ecol 201–219

  • Mallo S, Vallespinós F, Ferrer S, Vaqué D (1993) Microbial activities in estuarine sediments (Ebro Delta, Spain) influenced by organic matter influx. Sci Mar 57:31–40

  • McDonough CJ, Roumillat WA, Wenner CA (2003) Fecundity and spawning season of striped mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) in south carolina estuaries. Fish Bull 101(4): 822–834

  • Meien VA (1927) Observations on the yearly variations of the ovaries of the perch (Perca fluviatilis L.). Russ Zoo Zh 3(4):75–113

  • Mon EE, Swe T, Zin PP, Dwe LL (2020) Length-weight relationship, condition factor and sex ratio of tade mullet (Liza Tade Forsskal, 1775) from mawlamyine, mon state myanmar. J Aquac Mar Biol 9(4):107–112. https://doi.org/10.15406/jamb.2020.09.00285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mondal A, Chakravartty D (2017) Fish growth, food and feeding ecology with prey selectivity of corsula mullet, Rhinomugil corsula (Hamilton, 1822) in traditional brackish water farming from Hooghly-Matla Estuary. India J Sci Eng Heal Manag 1(2):9–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Mondal A, Bhattacharyya SB, Mandal S, Purkait S, Chakravartty D, Mitra A (2016) Growth performances, feeding ecology and prey preferences of tade mullet, Liza tade (Forsskål, 1775) in extensive brackishwater farming system. Int J Fish Aquat Stud 4(3):436–443

    Google Scholar 

  • Morey G, Moranta J, Massuti E, Grau A, Linde M, Riera F, Morales-Nin B (2003) Weight–length relationships of littoral to lower slope fishes from the western Mediterranean. Fish Res 62:89–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moutopoulos DK, Stergiou KI (2002) Length–weight and length–length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). J Appl Ichthyol 18:200–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Odum WE (1970) Utilization of the direct grazing and plant detritus food chains by the striped mullet/Mugil cephalus. In: Steele JH (ed) Marine Food Chains. Oliver & Boyd, London 220–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Panda D, Mohanty SK, Pattnaik AK, Das S, Karna SK (2018) Growth, mortality and stock status of mullets (Mugilidae) in Chilika Lake, India. Lakes Reserv Res Manag 23(1):4–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pillay TVR (1953) Studies on the food, feeding habits and alimentary tract of the grey mullet, Mugil tade Forskal. Proc Indian National Sci Acad 4:185–200

    Google Scholar 

  • Pramanick S, Das SK, Bhakta D, Johnson C (2017) Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Tade gray mullet, Chelon planiceps (Valenciennes, 1836) from Hooghly-Matlah Estuary, West Bengal, India. India J Fish 5(1):469–472

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ranganathan V, Natarajan V (1970) Studies on the occurrence and biology of Rhinomugil corsula Hamilton in Krishnagiri and Sathanur reservoirs, Tamil Nadu. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 66:478–592

  • Rao LM, Lakshmi BB, Bangaramma Y (2005) Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Liza Parsia (Hamilton-Buchanan) in relation to industrial pollution. Indian J Fish 52(3):345–349

    Google Scholar 

  • Render JH, Thompson BA, Allen RL (1995) Reproductive development of striped mullet in Louisiana estuarine waters with notes on the applicability of reproductive assessment methods for isochronal species. Trans Am Fish Soc 124(1):26–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richter HC, Luckstadt C, Focker U, Becker K (2000) An improved procedure to assess fish condition on the basis of length-weight relationships. Arch Fish Mar Res 48:255–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricker WE (1975) Computation and Interpretation of Biological Statistics of Fish Populations. Department of Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Ottawa, ON, 382

  • Safran P (1992) Theoretical analysis of the weight-length relationships in fish juveniles. Mar Biol 112:545–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandhya V, Shameem U (2003) Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Liza Macrolepis (Smith) from polluted and unpolluted waters of Visakhapatnam. Indian J Fish 50(4):543–546

    Google Scholar 

  • Shen K, Durand JD (2016) The biogeography of Mugilidae in India, South-East and East Asia. In: Crosetti D, Blaber S (eds) Biology, Ecology and Culture of Grey Mullets (Mugilidae). Florida, United States, CRC Press, Boca Raton 63–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Srihari M, Sreekanth GB, Jaiswar AK (2018) Length-weight relationship of seven finfish species from mandovi-zuari estuarine system, Goa. India J Appl Ichthyol 34(6):1384–1386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sultana S, Shah MS, Islam SS, Ghosh AK (2013) Taxonomy and other biological aspects of Rhinomugil corsula (Hamilton). International Int J Biol Res 3(3):123–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson DW (1997) The mugilidae of the world. Mem Queensl Mus 4:457–562

    Google Scholar 

  • Wijeyaratne MJS, Costa HH (1987) The food, feeding and reproduction in an estuarine population of green-back mullet, Liza tade (Forsskål) in the Negombo lagoon. Sri Lanka Ophelia 27(3):171–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitefield AK, Panfili J, Durand JD (2012) A global review of the cosmopolitan flathead mullet Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758 (Teleostei: Mugilidae), with emphasis on the biology, genetics, ecology and fisheries aspects of this apparent species complex. Rev Fish Biol Fish 22(3):641–681

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Head of the Department, Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara for the necessary permissions to conduct research in the laboratory of the department. Authors would like to thank Ms. Niketa Maheta, Mr. Parth Prajapati, Miss Jalpa Jadeja, Mr. Marut Adroja and Mr. Ajay Baldaniya for their continuous encouragement and help. The local fishermen are thankfully acknowledged for their valuable support during the specimen collection.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Freshwater and Marine Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India

    Dhaval M. Bhatt & Pradeep C. Mankodi

  2. Division of Fish and Fishery Biology, Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Kiling Road, Baridua, 9th Mile, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, 793101, India

    Kangkan J. Sarma

  3. School of Agriculture and Environment, Assiniboine Community College, Brandon, MB, Canada

    Nevya J. Thakkar

Authors
  1. Dhaval M. Bhatt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kangkan J. Sarma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nevya J. Thakkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pradeep C. Mankodi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. DMB is the main research scholar worked on this topic, on illustrations and pictures and prepared the draft of the manuscript. NJT, KJS and PCM conceived and designed research, critically reviewed for improving the quality of the manuscript. DMB conducted the field work and laboratory work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dhaval M. Bhatt.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval Consent to Participate

The specimens are not under the listed category of experimental animals which need ethics approval.

Competing Interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 18 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bhatt, D.M., Sarma, K.J., Thakkar, N.J. et al. Length–Weight Relationship, Condition Factor, Gonadosomatic Index and Gut-Content Analysis of Planiliza planiceps (Valenciennes 1836) (Actinopterygii, Mugiliformes, Mugilidae) from the Four Major Estuaries of Gujarat, India. Thalassas 38, 855–864 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00422-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-022-00422-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation