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Total RNA Synthesis and its Covalent Labeling Innovation

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Abstract

RNA plays critical roles in a wide range of physiological processes. For example, it is well known that RNA plays an important role in regulating gene expression, cell proliferation, and differentiation, and many other chemical and biological processes. However, the research community still suffers from limited approaches that can be applied to readily visualize a specific RNA-of-interest (ROI). Several methods can be used to track RNAs; these rely mainly on biological properties, namely, hybridization, aptamer, reporter protein, and protein binding. With respect to covalent approaches, very few cases have been reported. Happily, several new methods for efficient labeling studies of ROIs have been demonstrated successfully in recent years. Additionally, methods employed for the detection of ROIs by RNA modifying enzymes have also proved feasible. Several approaches, namely, phosphoramidite chemistry, in vitro transcription reactions, co-transcription reactions, chemical post-modification, RNA modifying enzymes, ligation, and other methods targeted at RNA labeling have been revealed in the past decades. To illustrate the most recent achievements, this review aims to summarize the most recent research in the field of synthesis of RNAs-of-interest bearing a variety of unnatural nucleosides, the subsequent RNA labeling research via biocompatible ligation, and beyond.

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Acknowledgements

R.W. thanks Huazhong University of Science and Technology for the start-up funding. R.W. thanks “100 Talents Program” Youth Project of Hubei Province for financial support. R.W. also thanks China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 217877 to J.Z.Z.) for financial support. The assistance of Hanqing Dong (Arvinas., Inc.) was appreciated during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Hongling Zhou, Yuanyuan Li, Youfang Gan & Rui Wang

  2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Rui Wang

  3. Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Resource, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 230030, China

    Rui Wang

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  1. Hongling Zhou
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  2. Yuanyuan Li
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  3. Youfang Gan
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Correspondence to Rui Wang.

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Zhou, H., Li, Y., Gan, Y. et al. Total RNA Synthesis and its Covalent Labeling Innovation. Top Curr Chem (Z) 380, 16 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-022-00371-z

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