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Phytoremediation of aquaculture wastewater using Azolla pinnata and evaluation of its suitability for irrigation purpose

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Abstract

Water scarcity is on the rise due to an abrupt increase in population and the competitive use of water resources. This necessitates the reuse of wastewater such as grey water and aquaculture wastewater for irrigation, particularly in developing countries, where treatment and reuse of wastewaters have not been prioritized. This study was conducted to evaluate aquaculture wastewater treated in constructed wetland using Azolla pinnata, and studies that comprehensively evaluated the efficacy of A. pinnata for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater is scanty. Aquaculture water from a Research Fishpond was treated with A. pinnata on a 5 day retention time, untreated and treated water from the constructed wetland (CW) were sampled for determination of physical, chemical and microbiological properties. The result from the study showed that the constructed wetland was capable of removing microbial counts within the 50 and 77% range, while the percentage removal of heavy metal ranged within 2.98 and 82.4% In addition, in most cases the physico-chemical properties of the treated aquaculture wastewater were within the permissible limit recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO), hence, its suitability for irrigation purpose. However, the chemical properties were significantly highest (p < 0.05) in the untreated aquaculture water compared to groundwater and treated aquaculture water. Therefore, this study has innovatively shown the efficacy and effectiveness of A. pinnata in treating aquaculture wastewater for irrigation purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Resources Management and Agro-Meteorology, Federal University, Oye–Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Bolaji Adelanke Adabembe & Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye

  2. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

    Johnson Toyin Fasinmirin & Olawale Olugbenga Olanrewaju

  3. Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

    Adekunle Ayokanmi Dada

  4. Department of Agricultural and Bio-Systems Engineering, LandMark University, PMB 1001, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

    Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye

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  1. Bolaji Adelanke Adabembe
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  3. Olawale Olugbenga Olanrewaju
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  4. Adekunle Ayokanmi Dada
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  5. Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye
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Correspondence to Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye.

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Adabembe, B.A., Fasinmirin, J.T., Olanrewaju, O.O. et al. Phytoremediation of aquaculture wastewater using Azolla pinnata and evaluation of its suitability for irrigation purpose. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 8, 166 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00753-7

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