Abstract
The Cooper and Jacob (Trans Am Geophys Union 27:526–534. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR027i004p00526; Cooper, Jacob, Trans Am Geophys Union 27:526534, 1946) method is widely used to interpret data from both single- and multi-well aquifer-pumping tests in a porous homogenous and isotropic confined aquifer system. The method can be used to interpret both pumping and observation well drawdown. For observation wells (piezometers), the method said to be valid when u < 0.01 when drawdown observations are made in the near vicinity of the pumping well after a sufficiently long time of pumping. Despite the wide use of the method, the effects of using the Cooper and Jacob method to interpret multi-well aquifer-pumping test data are hardly discussed. The study illustrates and discusses the effect of using the Cooper and Jacob method to interpret multi-well aquifer-pumping tests. This is achieved with the help of simulations in 3 homogeneous one-layered confined and isotropic aquifer models using MODFLOW. Simulated drawdown is interpreted using the Cooper–Jacob method. The study shows that the transmissivity estimated from observation well data exponentially increases with the observation distance irrespective of the value of u. Only interpretation of pumping-well data with the Cooper and Jacob method correctly estimated the prescribed model transmissivity. Storativity estimates from observation data appears to decrease with increase in the observation distance as controlled by the Copper and Jacob equation but remained in the same order of magnitude as the prescribed model storativity. The study contributes towards a better practical understanding of the effects of using of using the Cooper and Jacob method to interpret multi-well aquifer-pumping test data for groundwater practitioners.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bourdet D, Ayoub JA, Pirard YM (1989) Use of pressure derivative in well-test interpretation. Soc Petrol Eng https://doi.org/10.2118/12777-PA
Calvache ML, Sánchez-Úbeda JP, Duque C, López-Chicano M, De la Torre B (2016) Evaluation of analytical methods to study aquifer properties with pumping tests in coastal aquifers with numerical modelling (Motril-Salobreña aquifer). Water Resour Manag 30:559–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1177-6
Chiang WH, Kinzelbach W (2001) 3D-Groundwater modeling with PMWIN. 1st Edition. Springer, New York
Cooper HH Jr, Jacob CE (1946) A generalized graphical method for evaluating formation constants and summarizing well field history. Trans Am Geophys Union 27 526–534. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR027i004p00526
Fetter CW (2001) Applied hydrogeology, 4th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
Freeze RA, Cherry JA (1979) Groundwater. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs
Halford KJ, Weight WD, Schreiber RP (2006) Interpretation of Transmissivity Estimates from Single-Well Pumping Aquifer Tests. Ground Water 3:467–491. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00151.x
Kruseman GP, de Ridder NA (1991) Analysis and evaluation of pumping test data. 2nd Edition. International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement, Wageningen
Meier PM, Carrera J, Sànchez-Vila X (1998) An evaluation of Jacob method for the interpretation of pumping tests in heterogeneous formations. Water Resour Res 34:5:1011–1025. https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00008
Osiensky JL, Williams RE, Williams B, Johnson G (2006) Evaluation of drawdown curves derived from multiple well aquifer tests in heterogeneous environments. Mine Water Enviro 19:1:30–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02687263
Renard P, Glenz D, Mejias M (2008) Understanding diagnostic plots for well-test interpretation. Hydrogeol J 17:589–600. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-008-0392-0
Sanchez-Vila X, Meier PM, Carrera J (1999) Pumping tests in heterogeneous aquifers: an analytical study of what can be obtained from their interpretation using Jacob’s method. Water Resour Res 35:4:943–952. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999WR900007
Schwartz FW, Zhang H (2003) Fundamentals of ground water. Wiley, New York
Spane FA Jr (1993) Selected hydraulic test analysis techniques for constant-rate discharge tests. PNL-8539. Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Washington
Theis CV (1935) The relation between the lowering of the piezometric surface and the rate and duration of discharge of a well using ground water storage. Trans Am Geophys Union 16:519–524. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR016i002p00519
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gomo, M. On the interpretation of multi-well aquifer-pumping tests in confined porous aquifers using the Cooper and Jacob (1946) method. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 5, 935–946 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-018-0259-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-018-0259-z