Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in agricultural soil is a prime concern for food security and human health. A short-term phytotoxicity experiment was conducted on four varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the influence of arsenic (III)-arsenite and arsenic (V)-arsenate to evaluate the impact on root and coleoptile growth. Four varieties (GB-1, IET-4786, IET-4094, and MTU-1010) of rice were tested with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/L) of arsenic (As(III) and As(V)). Germination along with mean daily germination (MDG), length of root and length of coleoptiles, water holding capacity of both root and coleoptiles, fresh and dry weight, arsenic accumulation, malondialdehyde (MDA) and root ion leakage were evaluated. Results highlighted that the percent germination of IET-4094 and MTU-1010 varieties of rice seed compared to control decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing concentration of both arsenite and arsenate. Similarly, biomass of shoot was less affected than root under different concentration of arsenite and arsenate. The variety IET-4786 and MTU-1010 accumulated lower level of arsenic and the variety GB-1 accumulated higher level of MDA in roots under both arsenite and arsenate treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the varieties IET-4786 and MTU-1010 are more suitable varieties towards tolerance under both arsenite and arsenate. Farmers of arsenic contaminated areas are suggested to cultivate IET-4786 and MTU-1010 varieties.
Highlights
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Arsenic (arsenite and arsenate) phytotoxicity on four varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Influence of arsenic (arsenite and arsenate) on root and coleoptile growth
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Arsenic influenced more root and coleoptile growth than arsenate
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IET-4786 and MTU-1010 showed tolerance of both arsenite and arsenate
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
All authors extend their sincere thanks to all faculty members, research scholars and M.Sc. students of the Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, for their both academic and moral support in the completion of the present research work.
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This research work was financially supported by the funding agency DST, Govt. of India, under vide Memo No: CRG/2019/004506 dated 14.01.2020. The fund was used to purchase instruments and scholar’s fellowship.
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Naba Kumar Modal: The experimental design, statistical calculations and manuscript drafting, Priyanka Debnath and Debojyoti Mishra: Execution of entire experiment, typing and editing the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version.
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Mondal, N.K., Debnath, P. & Mishra, D. Impact of Inorganic Arsenic (III and V) on Growth and Development of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) with Special Emphasis on Root and Coleoptile Growth. Environ. Process. 9, 31 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-022-00586-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-022-00586-8