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Immunological and Non-Immunological Risk Factors in Anaphylaxis

  • Anaphylaxis (R Muñoz Cano, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Allergy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Anaphylaxis can lead to fatal reactions, the causes of which are very diverse and whose triggers may not always be identifiable. Traditionally, the etiology of anaphylaxis has been thought to depend mainly on the antigen–IgE interaction, with subsequent activation of effector cells and the release of immune mediators such as tryptase and histamine. However, the physiological mechanisms that cause the cellular degranulation that results in these life-threatening reactions are not completely known. Consequently, fatal reactions may not always be preventable (or treatable).

Recent Findings

Latest research on transcription factors and their influence on the severity of reactions highlight the need for a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of anaphylaxis. The most relevant and recent findings highlight the importance of inheritance patterns in regulation of tryptase and how this alteration impacts the severity of other conditions.

Summary

The present review examines the main mechanisms involved in anaphylaxis beyond the most widely known ones, ranging from cellular receptors other than IgE to transcription factors and genetic alterations.

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The present work has been funded by SEAIC Foundation 2020.

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  1. Allergy Department, Hospital Ramón Y Cajal, IRYCIS, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo S/N Km 9, 28034, Madrid, Spain

    Laura V. Carpio-Escalona MD & David González-de-Olano MD, PhD

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Carpio-Escalona, L.V., González-de-Olano, D. Immunological and Non-Immunological Risk Factors in Anaphylaxis. Curr Treat Options Allergy 9, 335–352 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40521-022-00319-0

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