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Dual Use of Combustible Cigarettes and E-cigarettes: a Narrative Review of Current Evidence

  • Tobacco (G Kong and K Bold, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

E-cigarette use (vaping) among adults has increased, and various patterns of concurrent smoking and vaping (i.e., “dual use”) have emerged. Understanding dual use is important for mitigating tobacco-related harm. This narrative review summarizes recent research on dual use, including prevalence and types of dual use, sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics, nicotine dependence, reasons for dual use, harm perceptions, toxicant exposure, trajectories of dual use, and emerging treatments for dual use.

Recent Findings

Nearly half of e-cigarette users concurrently use cigarettes, and many smoke more frequently than they use e-cigarettes. This is concerning because dual users are exposed to both cigarette and potential e-cigarette toxicants and the data are mixed regarding the ability of e-cigarettes to promote smoking cessation.

Summary

Further work is needed to identify ways to increase complete smoking abstinence and optimize harm reduction among dual users, including strategies to encourage e-cigarette cessation after stopping smoking.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, Burlington, VT, 05401-1419, USA

    Sulamunn R. M. Coleman

  2. Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Megan E. Piper

  3. Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    M. Justin Byron

  4. Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Krysten W. Bold

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Correspondence to Sulamunn R. M. Coleman.

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The Section Editors for the topical collection Tobacco are Grace Kong and Krysten Bold. Please note that Dr. Bold was not involved in the editorial process of this article as she is a co-author.

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Research reported in this publication was supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (TCORS) Award U54DA036114 (SRMC) U54DA036151 (KWB), National Cancer Institute (NCI) R01CA239309 (MEP), NCI and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) grant number K01CA253234-01 (MJB), and NIDA K12DA000167 (KWB). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or the FDA. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Coleman, S.R.M., Piper, M.E., Byron, M.J. et al. Dual Use of Combustible Cigarettes and E-cigarettes: a Narrative Review of Current Evidence. Curr Addict Rep 9, 353–362 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-022-00448-1

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