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Four Mechanistic Models of Peer Influence on Adolescent Cannabis Use

  • Cannabis (J Cousijn, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Most adolescents begin exploring cannabis in peer contexts, but the neural mechanisms that underlie peer influence on adolescent cannabis use are still unknown. This theoretical overview elucidates the intersecting roles of neural function and peer factors in cannabis use in adolescents.

Recent Findings

Novel paradigms using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in adolescents have identified distinct neural mechanisms of risk decision-making and incentive processing in peer contexts, centered on reward-motivation and affect regulatory neural networks; these findings inform a theoretical model of peer-driven cannabis use decisions in adolescents.

Summary

We propose four “mechanistic profiles” of social facilitation of cannabis use in adolescents: (1) peer influence as the primary driver of use; (2) cannabis exploration as the primary driver, which may be enhanced in peer contexts; (3) social anxiety; and (4) negative peer experiences. Identification of “neural targets” involved in motivating cannabis use may inform clinicians about which treatment strategies work best in adolescents with cannabis use problems and via which social and neurocognitive processes.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3314 SW US Veteran’s Hospital Road, M/C DC7P, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Justin D. Caouette & Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing

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  1. Justin D. Caouette
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Correspondence to Justin D. Caouette.

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Dr. Justin D. Caouette and Dr. Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is funded by 3R01AA023658-02S1 (PI: Feldstein Ewing).

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Cannabis

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Caouette, J.D., Feldstein Ewing, S.W. Four Mechanistic Models of Peer Influence on Adolescent Cannabis Use. Curr Addict Rep 4, 90–99 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0144-0

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