Abstract
Copaifera spp. (copaiba) oleoresin is traditionally used as a medicinal compound since the 16th century, which is primarily indicated for its anti-inflammatory properties being widely sold in free fairs and medicinal herbal houses in Brazil. However, copaiba oleoresin toxicity information is still limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the acute (in mice and rats) and 28 day—repeated doses (in rats) oral toxicity of commercial copaiba oleoresin. In the acute toxicity test, copaiba oleoresin oral administration at 2000 mg/kg dose did not induce mice or rat lethality. In the subacute toxicity tests, we administered copaiba oleoresin at daily doses of 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg for 28 days. We observed no toxicological effects in body weight gain, feed and water intake, gross necropsy, relative organ weight, histopathology, hematology, or biochemistry parameters. At the three copaiba oleoresin tested doses, we observed an alkaline phosphatase reduction, which might indicate hepatic protection. In conclusion, the commercial copaiba oleoresin has a low risk of toxicity and did not induce treatment-related adverse effects after short-term daily exposures to a dose two thousand times higher than folk use, showing safety doses for further pharmacological investigations.
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Acknowledgements
We thank to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the financial support.
Funding
This study is part of a research on species in the Cerrado biome supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.
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JRP and ECC supervised the copaiba oleoresin analysis. LCC made the study conception and the experiment design. MACS, DFAM, and SAMO conducted the experiment, acquisition, and interpretation of the data. RSLJ made the histological interpretation. MACS wrote the manuscript. LCC and ACC revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
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The authors declare that all the experiment conducted on animals was previously approved by the Federal University of Goiás Ethics Committee for the Use of Animals (CEUA/UFG) under the protocol n° 068/2012.
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Marina Alves Coelho Silva has no conflict of interest. Dorcas Fernandes dos Anjos Melo has no conflict of interest. Sayonara Ay Moré de Oliveira has no conflict of interest. Alessandro de Carvalho Cruz has no conflict of interest. Edemilson Cardoso da Conceição has no conflict of interest. José Realino de Paula has no conflict of interest. Ruy de Souza Lino Junior has no conflict of interest. Luiz Carlos da Cunha has no conflict of interest.
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Silva, M.A.C., dos Anjos Melo, D.F., de Oliveira, S.A.M. et al. Acute and a 28-repeated dose toxicity study of commercial oleoresin from Copaifera sp. in rodents. ADV TRADIT MED (ADTM) 22, 739–747 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-021-00601-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-021-00601-7