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Dielectric, Photophysical, Solvatochromic, and DFT Studies on Laser Dye Coumarin 334

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Abstract

The absorption and fluorescence spectra of laser dye, 10-acetyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H,11H-pyrano[2,3-f]pyrido[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-11-one [C-334], are recorded. The ground-state dipole moments (μg) were determined from density functional theory (DFT) computations, Guggenheim’s, and solvatochromic methods. The excited-state dipole moments (μe) were determined from Lippert’s, Bakhshiev’s, Kawski-Chamma-Viallet’s, and McRae’s equations. The μe values are found to be higher than μg values and this suggest that the probe molecule is more polar in the excited state. The absorption maxima and emission maxima of C-334 undergo bathochromic shift as the polarity of the solvent increases and indicates that the transitions involved are π → π*. The change in dipole moment (Δμ) and the angle between μe and μg is calculated. The absorption and fluorescence emission of the probe C-334 were investigated theoretically with the help of Gaussian 09W for all the studied solvents by using time-dependent (TD)-DFT combined with conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) solvation model and were compared with the experimental results. Further, the ground- and excited-state dipole moments were also estimated for all the studied solvents by using CPCM solvation model and are compared with the experimental results. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps computed using DFT and from absorption threshold wavelengths are found to be in order with each other. The chemical hardness (η) of the probe molecule is estimated and the results suggest the soft nature of the molecule. Further, the reactive centers like electrophilic site and nucleophilic site were identified with the help of molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) 3D plots using DFT computational analysis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the authorities of USIC, KUD, for providing the instrumental facility for our research work. One of the authors (CVM) is thankful to the Principal Prof. B.P. Urakadli and staff, Government First Grade College Hubballi, for their continuous support and encouragement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Government First Grade College, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580032, India

    C. V. Maridevarmath

  2. UG and PG Department of Physics, Karnataka Science College, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580001, India

    Lohit Naik & G. H. Malimath

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  1. C. V. Maridevarmath
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Correspondence to G. H. Malimath.

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Maridevarmath, C.V., Naik, L. & Malimath, G.H. Dielectric, Photophysical, Solvatochromic, and DFT Studies on Laser Dye Coumarin 334. Braz J Phys 49, 151–160 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13538-018-00628-3

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