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Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)-related genetic variants in a Turkish patient cohort with early-onset diabetes: a cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Background

There is no apparent data on the prevalence of maturity-onset diabetes of young (MODY) in adults in Turkey.

Aim

We aimed to define the prevalence in our early-onset diabetes cohort and find the most prevalent types of MODY in this selected group.

Methods

We included 92 patients who were diagnosed with either two types of diabetes under the age of 35 with a strong family history between 2014 and 2020. We excluded patients with low C-peptide levels and any positivity for beta-cell autoimmunity markers. A panel of fourteen genes of MODY was analyzed for each patient with a next-generation sequence analysis method.

Results

The mean age for the diagnosis of diabetes was 27.9±8.0 years, and most of the patients were male (F/M:37/55). The median body mass index was 27 (19–32) kg/m2, while the median HbA1c level was 6.4% (5–17%). Seven patients had eight pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (7/92; 7.6%) of MODY genes with variants of GCK (MODY 2, n:1), HNF1A (MODY3, n:1), HNF1β (MODY5, n:1), ABCC8 (MODY12, n:2), INS (MODY 10, n:1), HNF4A (MODY 1, n:1), and PDX1 (MODY4, n:1).

Conclusion

Molecular genetic diagnosis of MODY is necessary for optimal follow-up, treatment, prognosis, and genetic counseling because of the close relationship between phenotype and genotype. Even in our small-sample-sized cohort, we were able to detect MODY variants with appropriate patient selection, and we re-evaluated for additional clinical features for the newly diagnosed MODY patients according to their variants, modified their treatment, and screened their first-degree relatives. This result presents that diabetic patients below 35 age, without low C-peptide levels and any positivity for beta-cell autoimmunity markers, must be screened for MODY gene panel for diagnosis and genetic counseling.

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Data availability

Data is available on request from the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Asena Gökçay Canpolat, Çağlar Keskin, Berna İmge Aydoğan, Sevim Güllü, Özgür Demir, Mustafa Şahin, Rıfat Emral, Murat Faik Erdoğan, Vedia Tonyukuk Gedik, Demet Çorapçıoğlu & Nilgün Başkal

  2. Intergen Genetic Diagnosis Center, Ankara, Turkey

    Gülay Ceylaner & Serdar Ceylaner

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  1. Asena Gökçay Canpolat
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Correspondence to Asena Gökçay Canpolat.

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Gökçay Canpolat, A., Keskin, Ç., Aydoğan, B.İ. et al. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)-related genetic variants in a Turkish patient cohort with early-onset diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 43, 244–251 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-022-01052-9

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