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Role of epicardial fat thickness for prediction of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Plenty of factors including inflammation are responsible for development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Epicardial fat produces adipokines, cytokines and inflammatory products. Monocyte count to high density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR) has been recently suggested as an inflammatory marker.

Methods

Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and MHR were analyzed in 36 diabetics without DR (NDR), 35 diabetics with proliferative DR (PDR) and 41 diabetics with nonproliferative DR patients (nonPDR).

Results

Monocyte counts, HDL, mean MHR and EFT values of NDR, nonPDR and PDR groups were significantly different. One-way analysis of variance test with post hoc Tukey test revealed that the significance of differences in MHR and EFT were dependent on the differences between NDR and PDR (p<0.001 for both) and nonPDR and PDR groups (p<0.001 and p=0.001). The differences between NDR and nonPDR (p=0.81 and p=0.06) were not significant. MHR and EFT were significantly positively correlated with PDR (r=0.453, p<0.001 and r=0.394, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with NDR (r=−0.256, p=0.006 and r= −0.380, p<0.001). Only EFT was found to be independently associated with PDR (p=0.002, 95% CI: OR: 1.643 (1.206–2.237)). An EFT value of >5.90 mm classified the presence of PDR with a sensitivity 74% and specificity of 61% (AUC = 0.750, 95% CI, 0.658–0.843), and a MHR value of >12.8 ratio classified the presence of PDR with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 79% (AUC = 0.811, 95% CI, 0.728–0.893).

Conclusion

We suggest that MHR and EFT were significantly increased in proliferative DR, and increased EFT may predict the presence of PDR in type 2 DM.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Izzet Baysal State Hospital, Bolu, Turkey

    Sincer Abide

  2. Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Golkoy, 14280, Bolu, Turkey

    Kaygusuz Tuba, Cosgun Mehmet, Gunes Yilmaz & Isa Sincer

  3. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey

    Alkan Yunus, Dogan Umit & Ulas Fatih

Authors
  1. Sincer Abide
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  2. Kaygusuz Tuba
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  3. Alkan Yunus
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  4. Cosgun Mehmet
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  5. Dogan Umit
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  6. Ulas Fatih
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  7. Gunes Yilmaz
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  8. Isa Sincer
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Contributions

Concept—A.S., I.S.,T.D.,M.C.; design—A.S.,I.S.,Y.G.,Y.A.; supervision—F.U.,U.D.,Y.G.; fundings—A.S.,T.D.,M.C.; materials—T.D.,Y.A.,F.U.; data collection and/or processing—U.D.,I.S.,M.C.,Y.A.; analysis and/or interpretation—A.S.,I.S.,Y.G.,M.C.; literature review—A.S.,I.S.,U.D.,M.C.; writing—Y.A.,I.S.,F.U.,U.D.; critical review—A.S.,İ.S.,Y.G.,F.U.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isa Sincer.

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Ethical consent

After obtaining institutional consent and ethical approval (07.03.2019; application number: 2019/59), diabetic patients diagnosed to have DR were examined by transthoracic echocardiography in Cardiology clinic of our institution between April 2019 and August 2020 in this prospective cohort study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Abide, S., Tuba, K., Yunus, A. et al. Role of epicardial fat thickness for prediction of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 43, 20–24 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-01040-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-01040-5

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