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Role of third-trimester OGTT in the detection of late-onset gestational diabetes in the Indian population

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Abstract

Background

There are numerous guidelines defining the diagnostic strategy of gestational diabetes mellitus, but majority of them do not suggest follow-up beyond 28 weeks. Hence, this study was done to find the prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance in the third trimester of pregnancy and to reinforce the importance of repeat screening in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Methods

Four hundred sixty-eight antenatal women with normal first- and second-trimester screening tests were subjected to a repeat screening for gestational diabetes with 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), at 32 to 34 weeks of gestation. Maternal and fetal outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Of the total 468 antenatal women, 16.8% had decreased gestational glucose tolerance (DGGT) and 7.69% had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosed for the first time in the third trimester. Family history of diabetes was the significant risk factor for the development of GDM (p value = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in the maternal outcomes. Among neonatal outcomes, incidence of low APGAR score at 1 min and NICU admission for management of various complications were significantly high in women with abnormal glucose tolerance (p value = 0.0015).

Conclusion

Since the incidence of detection of glucose intolerance was significantly high, our study implies the importance of screening in the third trimester of pregnancy, although there was not much difference in the adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Coimbatore, 641004, India

    Reena Abraham, Latha Maheswari S. & Jeyalakshmi S.

Authors
  1. Reena Abraham
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  2. Latha Maheswari S.
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  3. Jeyalakshmi S.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Reena Abraham.

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Ethical approval

The study was initiated after obtaining approval from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee, PSG IMSR.

Ethical consent

After obtaining oral and written consent, detailed history taking and risk factor assessment were done following which they were subjected to the non-fasting 75 g OGTT (DIPSI criteria).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Abraham, R., S., L.M. & S., J. Role of third-trimester OGTT in the detection of late-onset gestational diabetes in the Indian population. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 42, 647–651 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-01026-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-021-01026-3

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