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A significant association between CXCL10 -1447 A > G and IL18 -607 C > A gene polymorphism with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM-TSP), a case-control report from city of Mashhad, Iran

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Abstract

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first isolated retrovirus from humans, and 2–3% of infected individuals suffer from HTLV-1 associated myelopathy tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM-TSP). Previous studies indicated that the risk of HAM-TSP could be correlated with the individuals’ genetic alterations. Mashhad is one of the areas infected with HTLV-1 in Iran. This study designed to examine the association between several important gene polymorphisms and HAM-TSP. Genotypes of 232 samples from controls, HTLV-1 carriers, and HAM-TSP patients were examined for FAS-670 (A > G), CXCL10-1447 (A > G), Foxp3-3279 (C > A), IL-18 -137 (C > G), and IL-18 -607 (C > A) gene polymorphisms by different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. A non-significant association was observed between FAS-670 A > G, Foxp3-3279 C > A, and IL-18 -137 C > G gene polymorphisms and HAM-TSP. Nevertheless, a significant (P < 0.001) association between CXCL10-1447 A > G and IL-18 -607 C > A gene polymorphisms with HAM-TSP was observed in our study population. As previous studies revealed that the CXCL10 level in the cerebrospinal fluid of HAM-TSP patients was associated with the disease progression, and as we noticed, a direct association was observed between CXCL10-1447 A > G polymorphism and HAM-TSP. These polymorphisms might be recommended as a valuable prediction criterion for the severity of the disease. The contradiction between our findings and other studies regarding IL-18 -607 C > A gene polymorphism might be associated with various factors such as genotypes frequency in diverse races and population heterogeneity in the city of Mashhad.

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Data Availability

The data obtained in this study are accessible from the corresponding author after well-reasoned and valid request.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledged all patients with HAM-TSP, HTLV-1 carriers, and healthy blood donors for their contribution in the current study.

Funding

The present study was financially supported by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, and Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Houshang Rafatpanah & Zohreh Poursina

  2. Department of Neurology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Reza Boostani

  3. Qaen School of Nursing and Midwifery, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    Hadi Zare Marzouni

  4. Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

    Mahdi Atabaki

  5. Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Reza Farid Hosseini & Mojgan Mohammadi

  6. Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

    Jalil Tavakkol-Afshari

  7. Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Mojgan Mohammadi

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  1. Houshang Rafatpanah
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  2. Zohreh Poursina
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Contributions

Houshang Rafatpanah gave the blood samples and information regarding demographic data of patients with HAM/TSP and HTLV-1 carriers. He also read the manuscript; Zohreh Poursina helped to do DNA extraction from samples of patients with HAM-TSP and HTLV-1 carriers and read the manuscript; Hadi Zare Marzouni helped for DNA extraction from samples of healthy blood donors and performed PCR for all polymorphisms. He also helped for writing of the manuscript and data analysis; Reza Boostani affirmed the diagnosis of HAM/TSP and introduced the patients to participate in our study; Mahdi Atabaki helped for writing of the manuscript; Reza Farid-Hosseini gave the consultation and read the manuscript; Jalil Tavakkol-Afshari read the manuscript and helped with the laboratory facilities for molecular techniques; Mojgan Mohammadi designed the study, supervised and financially supported the project, and wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mojgan Mohammadi.

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This study approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical sciences and the code was 931203.

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Rafatpanah, H., Poursina, Z., Boostani, R. et al. A significant association between CXCL10 -1447 A > G and IL18 -607 C > A gene polymorphism with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM-TSP), a case-control report from city of Mashhad, Iran. J. Neurovirol. 27, 249–259 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-021-00946-4

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