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Current clinical state of type 1 diabetes in Saitama prefecture

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Abstract

Introduction

In Japan, epidemiological studies on type 1 diabetes (T1D) have mainly focused on the disease in childhood. Meanwhile, limited information is available regarding the clinical features of adolescent and adult T1D. Therefore, we aimed to investigate their current clinical state in Saitama prefecture near Tokyo, Japan.

Materials and methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, hospital-based, multicenter study. Eight institutions participated in the study, all of which treated relatively large numbers of T1D patients. We identified 1241 T1D patients aged 16 or over: 814 with acute-onset T1D (AT1D), 362 with slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM), and 65 with fulminant T1D (FT1D). Based on the patient’s medical records, various clinical parameters and complications were investigated.

Results

Of 1241 patients, 739 (59.5%) were females. Among all patients, the median age, onset age, and disease duration were 51, 38, and 13 years, respectively. The patients had a median BMI of 22.6 kg/m2, and 26.1% were obese, corroborating previous nationwide surveys. Moreover, the median HbA1c was 7.8%, similar to previous nationwide surveys. Among patients with AT1D, SPIDDM, and FT1D, 85.6%, 72.1%, and 81.5% carried out multiple daily insulin injection, respectively, while 10.3%, 2.2%, and 18.5% were subject to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. The proportions of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy were 26.3%, 20.8%, and 21.5%.

Conclusions

The glycemic control in T1D patients in Saitama was equivalent to that observed in previous nationwide surveys. Moreover, approximately one-quarter of T1D patients had obesity. Future studies should address whether our findings reflect those throughout Japan.

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Acknowledgements

We are extremely grateful to the following doctors (affiliations at the time) for assisting with the present survey: M. Matsuda and Y. Izumida (Saitama Medical University Saitama Medical Center), T. Inukai (Seibu General Hospital), A. Haisa, S. Nakanishi, A. Satomura, and S. Suzuki (Saitama Medical University Hospital), A. Tada (JCHO Saitama Medical Center). In addition, we greatly appreciate H. Fujita (Saitama Medical University Hospital) for creating the database.

Funding

No specific funding or grant was received for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan

    Yoichi Oikawa & Akira Shimada

  2. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Hematology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan

    Koshi Hashimoto

  3. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan

    Kazuo Hara

  4. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, JCHO Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan

    Jiro Morimoto

  5. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan

    Kazuyuki Namai

  6. Department of Internal Medicine, Todachuo General Hospital, Saitama, Japan

    Akihiko Tanaka

  7. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan

    Satoshi Tanaka

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  1. Yoichi Oikawa
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  2. Koshi Hashimoto
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoichi Oikawa.

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Conflict of interest

K.H. has received scholarship grants from Johnson & Johnson KK, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Terumo Corporation. K.N. has received lecture fees from Novo Nordisk Pharma Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Sanofi KK, and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. A.S. has received lecture fees from Astellas Pharm Inc., Eli Lilly Japan KK, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Terumo Corporation, and Sanofi KK, as well as research funding from Astellas Pharm Inc. and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, and scholarship grants from Astellas Pharm Inc., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., MSD KK, Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. S.T. has received lecture fees from Sanofi KK. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Oikawa, Y., Hashimoto, K., Hara, K. et al. Current clinical state of type 1 diabetes in Saitama prefecture. Diabetol Int 13, 436–446 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-021-00557-8

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