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Genotyping as a Key Element of Sample Size Optimization in Bioequivalence of Risperidone Tablets

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European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background and Objectives

Risperidone is a derivative of benzisoxazole and is widely used for schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses in both adults and children. Previous studies have confirmed that it is a highly variable drug (within-subject variability ≥ 30%). To reduce the large sample size required for bioequivalence researches on highly variable drugs, a role for genotyping in the design of the bioequivalence study was employed.

Methods

A randomized, open-label, two-period crossover study was adopted: 20 subjects with specific genotypes carrying cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6*10 were randomized to two groups to receive a single oral dose of trial formulation or reference formulation with a 2-week washout period. Blood concentrations of risperidone (parent drug) and 9-hydroxy risperidone (active metabolite) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

Eighteen out of the 20 subjects completed the study (two did not finish the test in the second period). The pharmacokinetic parameters of AUClast, AUC∞ and Cmax for the 18 subjects after a single oral dose of the trial or reference preparation were 216.1 ± 88.7 and 220.5 ± 96.8 ng·h/mL; 221.6 ± 93.1 and 226.4 ± 103.5 ng·h/mL; 36.7 ± 10.3 and 36.0 ± 10.2 ng/mL, respectively. The CVw of risperidone in natural logarithm-transformed Cmax was 22.4 and 25.38% for 9-hydroxy risperidone.

Conclusions

The test formulation met the Food and Drug Administration guidelines and regulation criteria for bioequivalence. By controlling the genotype, it could actually help reduce the CVw, which may be a feasible method to decrease the sample size for the bioequivalence study of highly variable drugs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the volunteers who have participated in this study.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Ying Chen and Yang Deng contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Chen, Miao Yan, Zhenyan Hou, Yao Li, Bikui Zhang & Hualin Cai

  2. Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Chen, Miao Yan & Bikui Zhang

  3. Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, People’s Republic of China

    Miao Yan, Zhenyan Hou, Yao Li, Bikui Zhang & Hualin Cai

  4. Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Changsha, and The Clinical Application Research Institute of Antibiotics in Changsha, Changsha, 410015, Hunan, People’s Republic of China

    Yang Deng

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  1. Ying Chen
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Bikui Zhang or Hualin Cai.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by the Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 81401113), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No. 20130162120060), and Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2017JJ3444).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest in this study.

Ethical approval

The study was conducted in line with GCP, the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University.

Informed consent

Informed consent was signed by all volunteers before the study.

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Chen, Y., Deng, Y., Yan, M. et al. Genotyping as a Key Element of Sample Size Optimization in Bioequivalence of Risperidone Tablets. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 43, 431–439 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13318-017-0459-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13318-017-0459-1

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