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A head transcriptome provides insights into odorant binding proteins of the bamboo grasshopper

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Abstract

The bamboo grasshopper Ceracris kiangsu is a famous bamboo pest in China. The identification of genes involved in olfactory behavior of C. kiangsu is necessary for better understanding the molecular basis and expression profiles of behavior ecology. However, necessary genomic and transcriptomic data are lacking in the species, limiting control efficiency. The primary objective of this study was to find and describe odorant binding proteins in the head of the bamboo grasshopper. We performed the paired-end sequencing on an Illumina Hiseq2000 following the vendor’s recommended protocol. Functional annotation was performed by comparison with public databases. OBP genes were first identified using BLASTN and BLASTX results from our C. kiangsu datebase, which was established from the date of transcriptome sequencing. The gene-specific primers were used to conduct RT-PCR to detect the tissue distribution of OBPs using a SYBR Premix ExTaq kit following the manufacturer’s instructions with a real-time thermal cycler. We obtained more than 133 million clean reads derived from the C. Kiangsu heads using the next-generation sequencing, which were assembled into 260,822 unique sequences (average 814 bp). We have detected eight putative odorant binding protein genes (OBPs) of C. kiangsu for the first time, and analyzed the expression profiles of the OBPs in different tissues (head, antenna, mouthpart, body and leg). Our results reveal that the eight OBPs display a clear divergence, strongly indicating that they possessed diverse functions, and thus provides comprehensive sequence analysis for elucidating the molecular basis of OBPs in C. kiangsu. In addition, we find that the relative expression levels of OBP1, OBP2 and OBP8 are significantly higher in the antennae as compared to the other OBP genes, suggesting that these three OBP genes play crucial roles in the locust’s odorant discrimination. In general, this is the first study to characterize the complete head transcriptome of C. kiangsu using high-throughput sequencing. The study opens a window for functional characterization of the OBPs of C. kiangsu, with potential for new or refined applications of semiochemicals for control of this notorious pest.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Nos. 30970339 and 31572246), and funding from the Jiangsu Higher Education Institution’s Priority Academic Program Development program to Guofang Jiang.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, People’s Republic of China

    Guo-Fang Jiang

  2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China

    Ran Li, Guo-Fang Jiang & Si-Yu Dong

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  1. Ran Li
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  2. Guo-Fang Jiang
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Correspondence to Guo-Fang Jiang.

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Li, R., Jiang, GF. & Dong, SY. A head transcriptome provides insights into odorant binding proteins of the bamboo grasshopper. Genes Genom 40, 991–1000 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-018-0706-0

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