Abstract
Risk assessment of cadmium (Cd) for human health play a key role because of toxic effect. Researchers are undergoing constant development for modelling approaches to make a risk assessment. It was carried out a central composite design combining with response surface modeling to optimize and modeling of Cd2+ ions in this study. Also, this study was performed to provide information about possible risk associated with alcoholic beverage consumption. Some independent process parameters including contact time and pH were chosen for optimization. Under optimal parameters, 142.9 mg g−1 was determined as Cd2+ ions removal effectiveness. Significance independent parameters and their interactions were checked using analysis of variance. These results were verified by correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.9967) of the statistical prediction. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotients (THQ) were calculated, to assess health risk. The Cd2+ ions EDI values (µg/day/person) were less than the recommended dietary allowance values and also, its THQ value was less than 1, also. When the obtained results compared with the levels set by regulatory authorities, the studied alcoholic beverages consumption do not pose a toxicological risk.
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Abbreviations
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- CCD:
-
Central composite design
- EDI:
-
Estimated daily intake
- ETAAS:
-
Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometer
- IARC:
-
International agency for research on cancer
- JECFA:
-
Joint expert committee on food additives
- LOF:
-
Lack of fit
- PTWI:
-
Provisional tolerable weekly intake
- RSM:
-
Response surface modeling
- SRM:
-
Standard reference material
- THQ:
-
Target hazard quotient
- TWI:
-
Tolerable weekly intake
- bw:
-
Body weight
- 2D:
-
Two-dimensional
- 3D:
-
Three-dimensional
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OKI was responsible for conceptualization, resources, validation, writing and review and editing. MI was responsible for conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, validation and writing. AO was responsible for resources and investigation.
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Kaplan Ince, O., Ince, M. & Onal, A. Cadmium exposure in population: alcoholic beverage consumption and health risk assessment. J Food Sci Technol 59, 4005–4015 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05441-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-022-05441-0