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𝛽-Catenin—a Possible Prognostic Molecular Marker for Recurrence in Histopathologically Negative Surgical Margin of Oral Cancer

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Abstract

The locoregional recurrence in oral cancer is not predicted by the histopathological parameters solely as the normal morphological looking cells harbor the genomic instability which acts as the potential tumor cells for recurrence in future. Therefore, there is an urgent need of the biomarker for prognostic stratification of patients with high risk of disease recurrence and appropriate management. Eighty oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were included in the study during the period 2012 to 2014 at Apollo Hospitals and Kalinga Institute of Medical sciences, Bhubaneswar. OSCC tissue samples were collected at the time of surgical excision, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to check the expression of β-catenin in cut margin (CM) and tumor. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS based on clinical and pathological records. It was observed that among 80 patients, 33.75% (27 patients) developed recurrence. The recurrence rate was low for 6 out of 27 patients (22.2%) where β-catenin is positive in tumor and negative in cut margin, while it was quite high in 21 out of 27 (77.8%) when marker is negative in tumor but positive in cut margin (CM). The odds of recurrence among patients having high levels of 𝛽-catenin in CM was 3.6 times higher than the odds of recurrence among patients having lower levels of 𝛽-catenin in CM (p < 0.017). In conclusion, this study highlighted that 𝛽-catenin can be included as a prognostic molecular marker, along with routine histopathological study to influence therapeutic decisions and appropriate management of disease.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for providing grant and technical support of Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology (MSSB) group to carry out this study.

Funding

This study was supported by grant from Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Grant No- BT/PR 17576/MED/30/1690/2016, [Virtual National Oral Cancer Institute (Understanding the Disease Biology and Epigenetic Diversity of Oral Cancer in India: Implications for New Diagnostics and Therapeutics)].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India

    Madhabananda Kar & Mahesh Sultania

  2. Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India

    Souvick Roy, Swatishree Padhi & Birendranath Banerjee

Authors
  1. Madhabananda Kar
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  2. Mahesh Sultania
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  3. Souvick Roy
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  4. Swatishree Padhi
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  5. Birendranath Banerjee
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Contributions

MK carried out the surgery, planned the experiments, interpreted the clinical data, and wrote the manuscript. MS performed the data analysis, interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript. SR and SP collected tissues, processed for experimental analysis, accumulated the data, and helped in organizing the manuscript. BNB conceived the idea, guided through the experiments, and wrote and edited the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Madhabananda Kar or Birendranath Banerjee.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Electronic supplementary material

Supplementary Table 1

Clinicopathological details of OSCC patients (n = 80). (DOCX 16 kb)

Supplementary Table 2

TNM staging of 80 OSCC patients. (DOCX 11 kb)

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Kar, M., Sultania, M., Roy, S. et al. 𝛽-Catenin—a Possible Prognostic Molecular Marker for Recurrence in Histopathologically Negative Surgical Margin of Oral Cancer. Indian J Surg Oncol 12 (Suppl 1), 128–133 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-020-01217-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-020-01217-0

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