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The relationships among aerosol optical depth, ice, phytoplankton and dimethylsulfide and the implication for future climate in the Greenland Sea

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Abstract

The sea-to-air flux of dimethylsulphide (DMS) is one of the major sources of marine biogenic aerosol, and can have an important radiative impact on climate, especially in the Arctic Ocean. Satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) is used as a proxy for aerosol burden which is dominated by biogenic aerosol during summer and autumn. The spring sea ice melt period is a strong source of aerosol precursors in the Arctic. However, high aerosol levels in early spring are likely related to advection of continental pollution from the south (Arctic haze). Higher AOD was generally registered in the southern part of the study region. Sea ice concentration (SIC) and AOD were positively correlated, while cloud cover (CLD) and AOD were negative correlation. The seasonal peaks of SIC and CLD were both one month ahead of the peak in AOD. There is a strong positive correlation between AOD and SIC. Melting ice is positively correlated with chlorophyll a (CHL) almost through March to September, but negatively correlated with AOD in spring and early summer. Elevated spring and early summer AOD most likely were influenced by combination of melting ice and higher spring wind in the region. The peak of DMS flux occurred in spring due to the elevated spring wind and more melting ice. DMS concentration and AOD were positively correlated with melting ice from March to May. Elevated AOD in early autumn was likely related to the emission of biogenic aerosols associated with phytoplankton synthesis of DMS. The DMS flux would increase more than triple by 2100 in the Greenland Sea. The significant increase of biogenic aerosols could offset the warming in the Greenland Sea.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to NASA’s Ocean Biology Processing Group for providing MODIS aqua, Level 3 (4-km equi-rectangular projection) 8-day mapped global data for chlorophyll a (CHL) and aerosol optical depth (AOD). We thank the NASA Web Sea- DAS development group for providing ocean colour SeaDAS Software (SeaWiFS Data Analysis System) for processing regional CHL and AOD data. Thanks to NOAA NCEP EMC CMB GLOBAL Reyn-SmithOIv2 for providing weekly and monthly sea-ice concentration. Thanks to the NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project and the NASA Earth Science Physical Oceanography Program for providing Wind Data and Sea Surface Temperature data and NASA for providing cloud cover data (http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov). Thanks to Ren Hongjian from School of Computer Science and Technology in Nantong University for helping with the wind data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China

    Bo Qu & Li Zhao

  2. School of Environment, Griffith University, Nathan, Qld, 4111, Australia

    Albert J. Gabric

  3. Jurong Country Garden School, Zhenjiang, 212400, China

    Wenjing Sun

  4. Chinese Sinosoft Company Limited, Beijing, 100190, China

    Hehe Li

  5. Nanjing Kangni New Energy Auto Part Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210000, China

    Peijuan Gu

  6. College of Basic Education, Nantong Institute of Technology, Nantong, 226002, China

    Limei Jiang

  7. Primary School Department, Kunshan International School, Kunshan, 215300, China

    Meifang Zeng

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  1. Bo Qu
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  2. Albert J. Gabric
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  3. Li Zhao
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  4. Wenjing Sun
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  5. Hehe Li
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  6. Peijuan Gu
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  7. Limei Jiang
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  8. Meifang Zeng
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Correspondence to Bo Qu.

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Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41276097.

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Qu, B., Gabric, A.J., Zhao, L. et al. The relationships among aerosol optical depth, ice, phytoplankton and dimethylsulfide and the implication for future climate in the Greenland Sea. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 37, 13–21 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-018-1210-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-018-1210-8

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