Abstract
In this work, numerical analysis has been carried out to study the tunable terahertz (THz) generation in DAST (4N, N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methyl-stilbazoliumtoyslate) and BNA (N-Benzyl-2-Methyl-4-Nitroanaline) using difference frequency generation (DFG) between the two optical beams, which can be generated from dual signal wavelength optical parametric oscillator (DSW-OPO) pumped by a single suitable laser. By varying the input wavelengths in the range 1,300–1,450 nm we obtained 0.1–23 THz tunable THz frequency in DAST. For BNA crystal, we varied the input wavelength in the range 750–900 nm to get widely tunable output ranging from sub- THz to 30 THz. The output THz power at the 0.47 THz was 0.02 and 0.07 W in DAST and BNA respectively. Thus, BNA is considered to be more suitable for sub-THz generation. At higher THz frequencies DAST provides greater output power and hence DAST and BNA supplement the dips in THz power spectrum of each other. It was also found that the THz power was saturated beyond 36 and 45 mm at 2.14 and 1.67 THz in BNA while, at the same frequencies the THz power was saturated at 4 and 2 mm length of DAST crystal.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Medrano, Monitoring terahertz technology, http://rainbowphotonics.com. Accessed 15 March 2013
M. Pepper, D.D. Arnone, C.M. Ciesla, A. Corchia, S. Egusa, “Application of THz technology to medical imaging” Invited Paper, SPIE 3828, 209 (1999)
R.M. Wooward, Terahertz technology in the pharmaceutical industry. Preclinica 2, 328 (2004)
M. Tonouchi, Cutting-edge terahertz technology. Nat. Photonics 1, 97 (2007)
Z. Yan, Y. Ying, H. Zhang, H. Yu, Research progress of terahertz wave technology in food inspection. Proc. SPIE 6373, 63730R1 (2006)
M. Tonouchi, Galore new applications of terahertz science and technology. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 2, 90 (2009)
Q.S.Y. Zhao, A. Redo-Sanchez, C. Zhang, X. Liu, Fast continuous terahertz wave imaging system for security. Opt. Commun. 282, 2019 (2009)
H.-B. Liu, Terahertz spectroscopy and imaging for defense and security applications. Proceedings of the IEEE, 95, 1514 (2007)
J.A. Huillier, G. Torosyan, M. Theuer, C. Rau, Y. Avetisyan, R. Beigang, Generation of THz radiation using bulk, periodically and aperiodically poled lithium niobate – Part 1: Theory. Appl. Phys. B 86, 197 (2007)
K.L. Vodopyanov, Optical THz-wave generation with periodically-inverted GaAs. Laser Photon. Rev. 2, 11 (2008)
Q. Wu, X.C. Zhang, Design and characterization of travelling wave electro-optic terahertz sensors. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2, 693 (1996)
R.T. Taniuchia, H. Nakanishi, Collinear phase-matched terahertz-wave generation in GaP crystal using a dual-wavelength optical parametric oscillator. J. Appl. Phys. 95, 7588 (2004)
Y. Geng, X. Tang, X. Li, J. Yao, Compact and widely tunable terahertz source based on a dual-wavelength intra-cavity optical parametric oscillation. Appl. Phys. B Lasers Optics 99, 181 (2010)
W. Shi, Y.J. Ding, Continuously tunable and coherent terahertz radiation by means of phase matched difference frequency generation in zinc germanium phosphide. Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 848 (2003)
A.G. Stepanov, J. Hebling, J. Kuhl, Efficient generation of subpicosecond terahertz radiation by phase-matched optical rectification using ultrashort laser pulses with tilted pulse fronts. Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3000 (2003)
J. Hebling, K.-L. Yeh, M.C. Hoffmann, B. Bartal, K.A. Nelson, Generation of high power terahertz pulses by tilted pulse front excitation and their application possibilites. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25, B6 (2008)
M. Jewariya, M. Nagoi, Koichiro, Enhancement of terahertz wave generation by cascaded χ(2) processes in LiNbO3. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 26, A101 (2009)
K. Suizu, K. Koketsu, T. Shibuya, T. Tsutsui, T. Akiba, K. Kawase, Extremely frequency widened THz wave generation using Cherenkov-type radiation. Opt. Express 17, 6676 (2009)
T.D. Wang, S.T. Lin, Y.Y. Lin, A.C. Chiang, Y.C. Huang, Forward and backward Terahertz-wave difference-frequency generations from periodically poled lithium niobate. Opt. Express 16(9), 6471 (2008)
H.B. Liu, H. Zhong, N. Karpowicz, Y. Chen, X.-C. Zhang, Terahertz spectroscopy and imaging for defence and security applications. Proc. IEEE 95, 1514 (2007)
M. Stillhart, M. Jazbinsek, A. Schneider, P. Gunter, Organic Crystals for THz Wave Applications. Proceedings of the Symposium on Photonics Technologies for 7th Framework Program, 226 (2006)
L. Mutter, F.D.J. Brunner, Z. Yang, M. Jazbinsek, P. Günter, Linear and nonlinear properties of the organic crystal DSTMS. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 24, 2556 (2007)
F.D.J. Brunner, O.-P. Kwon, S.-J. Kwon, M. Jazbinsek, A. Schneider, P. Günter, A hydrogen-bonded organic nonlinear optical crystal for high-efficiency terahertz generation and detection. Opt. Express 16, 16496 (2008)
J.J. Carey, R.T. Bailey, D. Pugh, J.N. Sherwood, F.R. Cruickshank, K. Wynne, Terahertz pulse generation in an organic crystal by optical rectification and resonant excitation of molecular charge transfer. Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 4335 (2002)
K. Miyamoto, S. Ohno, M. Fujiwara, H. Minamide, H. Hashimoto, H. Ito, Optimized terahertz-wave generation using BNA-DFG. Opt. Express 17, 14832 (2009)
H. Nakanishi, Organic material for nonlinear optics. Japanese Patent 1,716,929 (March 23 1990)
B. Ruiz, M. Jazbinsek, P. Gunter, Crystal growth of DAST. Cryst. Growth Des. 8, 4173 (2008)
M. Jazbinsek, L. Mutter, P. Gunter, Photonics application with the organic nonlinear optical crystal DAST. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 14, 1298 (2008)
A. Schneider, M. Neis, M. Stillhart, B. Ruiz, R.U.A. Khan, P. Gunter, Generation of Terahertz pulses through optical rectification in organic DAST crystal: theory and experiment. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 23, 1822 (2006)
X.C. Zhang, X.F. Ma, Y. Jin, T.M. Lu, E.P. Boden, P.D. Phelps, K.R. Stewarts, C.P. Yakymyshyn, Terahertz optical rectification from a nonlinear organic crystal. Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 3080 (1992)
K. Kawase, M. Mizumo, S. Souma, H. Takahashi, T. Taniunchi, Y. Urata, S. Wada, H. Tashiro, H. Ito, Difference frequency THz wave generation from DAST by using electronically tuned Ti: Sapphire laser. Opt. Lett. 24, 1065 (1999)
T. Taniuchi, S. Okada, H. Nakanishi, Widely tunable THz- wave generation in 2 – 20 THz range from DAST crystal by nonlinear difference frequency mixing. Electron. Lett. 40 (2004). doi:10.1049/el: 20040036
H. Minamide, H. Ito, Coherent THz wave generation and detection over a wide frequency range using DAST crystals. Proc. SPIE 7197, 71970C1 (2009)
H. Hasimoto, Y. Okada, H. Fujimura, M. Morioka, O. Sugihara, N. Okamoto, R. Matsushima, Second harmonic generation from single crystal of N - substituted 4 - nitroanilines. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 6754 (1997)
M. Fujiwara, K. Yanagi, M. Maruyama, M. Sugisaki, K. Kuroyanagi, H. Takahashi, S. Aoshima, Y. Tsuchiya, A. Gall, H. Hashimoto, Second order nonlinear optical properties of the single crystal of N-Benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline: Anomalous Enhancement of the d333 Component and Its Possible Origin. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, 8676 (2006)
K. Miyamoto, H. Minamide, M. Fujiwara, H. Hashimoto, H. Ito, Coherent tunable monochromatic Terahertz wave generation using N – Benzyl – 2 – methyl – 4 – nitroaniline (BNA) crystal. Proc. SPIE 6875, 68750C1 (2008)
M. Fujiwara, M. Maruyama, M. Sugisaki, H. Takahashi, S. Aoshima, R.J. Cogdell, H. Hashimoto, Determination of the d- tensor component of a single Crystal of N-Benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 46, 1528 (2007)
T. Notake, M. Tang, Y. Wang, K. Nawata, H. Ito, H. Minamide, Hybrid THz – wave source with ultra wideband tunability utilizing organic DAST and BNA crystals. OSA CLEO JThB108 (2011)
K. Kuroyanagi, M. Fujiwara, H. Hashimoto, H. Takahashi, S. Aoshima, Y. Tsuchiya, Determination of refractive indicies and absorption coefficients of highly purified N-Benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline crystal in terahertz frequency regime. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, L761 (2006)
R. Sowade, Continuous-wave terahertz light from optical parametric oscillators. Dissertation (2010)
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to acknowledge Director, IRDE for giving permission to publish this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Farooqui, M., Dixit, N., Mishra, A. et al. Comparative analysis of tunable terahertz generation in DAST and BNA using difference frequency mixing. J Opt 43, 137–145 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-014-0184-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-014-0184-y