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First case of bacteremia caused by Helicobacter cinaedi in a patient with liver cirrhosis: a case report and literature review

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Abstract

Patients with liver cirrhosis are known to be immunocompromised hosts due to the dysfunction of the cellular and humoral immune systems, allowing easier bacterial translocation from the intestine to the systemic circulation via the portal vein. Sepsis can often be seen in these patients; however, approximately 10 % of patients show negative results with the standard culture period (3–4 days) and their pathogens remain undiagnosed. Here we report the first case of a patient with liver cirrhosis diagnosed with bacteremia due to Helicobacter cinaedi after gastrointestinal symptoms and review 62 cases of H. cinaedi infection in patients with other diseases. The patient showed positive results for H. cinaedi after 10 days of culture. Administration of a carbapenem was effective and clinical symptoms recovered 20 days after admission. H. cinaedi is an enterohepatic bacterial species that causes bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. Due to the difficulty of detection, few cases have been reported to date and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case of bacteremia due to H. cinaedi infection in a patient with liver cirrhosis. Since bacteremia in patients with liver cirrhosis can result in fatality, we recommend vigilance for H. cinaedi infection, longer periods of blood culture, polymerase chain reaction analysis, and empirical antibiotic therapy to help improve prognosis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Enago for the English language review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachido-ri, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan

    Kenya Kamimura, Daisuke Kumaki, Masashi Arita, Yuji Kobayashi, Ken-ichi Mizuno, Hiroyuki Abe, Yoshifumi Takahashi, Kohei Ogawa, Yoko Shinagawa, Manabu Takeuchi, Yuichi Sato, Hirokazu Kawai, Satoshi Yamagiwa & Shuji Terai

  2. Division of Medical Laboratory, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan

    Fumiko Kusama & Megumi Kobayashi

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  1. Kenya Kamimura
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  2. Daisuke Kumaki
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  3. Masashi Arita
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  5. Ken-ichi Mizuno
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  8. Hiroyuki Abe
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  9. Yoshifumi Takahashi
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  14. Hirokazu Kawai
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  15. Satoshi Yamagiwa
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  16. Shuji Terai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenya Kamimura.

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Conflict of Interest:

Kenya Kamimura, Daisuke Kumaki, Masashi Arita, Yuji Kobayashi, Ken-ichi Mizuno, Fumiko Kusama, Megumi Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Abe, Yoshifumi Takahashi, Kohei Ogawa, Yoko Shinagawa, Manabu Takeuchi, Yuichi Sato, Hirokazu Kawai, and Satoshi Yamagiwa declare that they have no conflict of interest. Shuji Terai received lecture fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical.

Human/Animal Rights:

All procedures followed have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed Consent:

Informed consent was obtained from the patient for being included in the study.

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Kamimura, K., Kumaki, D., Arita, M. et al. First case of bacteremia caused by Helicobacter cinaedi in a patient with liver cirrhosis: a case report and literature review. Clin J Gastroenterol 8, 306–317 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-015-0600-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-015-0600-0

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