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The Metabolic Profiles in Hematological Malignancies

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Abstract

Leukemia is one of the most aggressive hematological malignancies. Leukemia stem cells account for the poor prognosis and relapse of the disease. Decades of investigations have been performed to figure out how to eradicate the leukemia stem cells. It has also been known that cancer cells especially solid cancer cells use energy differently than most of the cell types. The same thing happens to leukemia. Since there are metabolic differences between the hematopoietic stem cells and their immediate descendants, we aim at manipulating the energy sources with which that could have an effect on leukemia stem cells while sparing the normal blood cells. In this review we summarize the metabolic characteristics of distinct leukemias such as acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, T cell lymphoblastic leukemia, B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other leukemia associated hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome. A better understanding of the metabolic profiles in distinct leukemias might provide novel perspectives and shed light on novel metabolic targeting strategies towards the clinical treatment of leukemias.

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Abbreviations

AML:

Acute myeloid leukemia

CML:

Chronic myeloid leukemia

T-ALL:

T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia

B-ALL:

B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia

CLL:

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

MM:

Multiple myeloma

MDS:

Myelodysplastic syndrome

LSCs:

Leukemia stem cells

OXPHOS:

Oxidative phosphorylation

FAO:

Fatty acid oxidation

PPP:

Pentose phosphate pathway

Glut1:

Glucose transporter 1

Ara-C:

Arabinofuranosyl cytidine

2-DG:

2-Deoxy-d-glucose

RTKs:

Receptor tyrosine kinases

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

CSCs:

Cancer stem cells

PPARγ:

Proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands

CPT1:

Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase I

GAT:

Gonadal adipose tissue

GA:

Glutaminase

IDH1/2:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2

PHGDH:

Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenas

I-ASP:

l-Asparaginase

GS:

Glutamine synthase

ASNS:

Asparagine synthetase

PRC2:

Polycomb repressive complex 2

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by grants from Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau (Surface Program, SHXH201402).

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  1. Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518131, People’s Republic of China

    Tao Liu & Xing-Chun Peng

  2. Department of Pathology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Center, CAS, Huaihai Road 966, Shanghai City, 200031, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Bin Li

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Liu, T., Peng, XC. & Li, B. The Metabolic Profiles in Hematological Malignancies. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 35, 625–634 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12288-019-01107-8

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