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Glucose Protects Cochlear Hair Cells Against Oxidative Stress and Attenuates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice

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Abstract

Oxidative stress is the key determinant in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Given that cellular defense against oxidative stress is an energy-consuming process, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether increasing energy availability by glucose supplementation protects cochlear hair cells against oxidative stress and attenuates NIHL. Our results revealed that glucose supplementation reduced the noise-induced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently attenuated noise-induced loss of outer hair cells, inner hair cell synaptic ribbons, and NIHL in CBA/J mice. In cochlear explants, glucose supplementation increased the levels of ATP and NADPH, as well as attenuating H2O2-induced ROS production and cytotoxicity. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of glucose transporter type 1 activity abolished the protective effects of glucose against oxidative stress in HEI-OC1 cells. These findings suggest that energy availability is crucial for oxidative stress resistance and glucose supplementation offers a simple and effective approach for the protection of cochlear hair cells against oxidative stress and NIHL.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81570916, 81771018, and 81873699).

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Author notes

  1. Hao Xiong and Lan Lai have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China

    Hao Xiong, Lan Lai, Yongyi Ye & Yiqing Zheng

  2. Institute of Hearing and Speech-Language Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China

    Hao Xiong, Lan Lai, Yongyi Ye & Yiqing Zheng

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  1. Hao Xiong
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Correspondence to Yiqing Zheng.

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Xiong, H., Lai, L., Ye, Y. et al. Glucose Protects Cochlear Hair Cells Against Oxidative Stress and Attenuates Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Mice. Neurosci. Bull. 37, 657–668 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-020-00624-1

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