References
Sachar EJ, Baron M. The biology of affective disorders. Annu Rev Neurosci 1979, 2: 505–517.
Berton O, Nestler EJ. New approaches to antidepressant drug discovery: beyond monoamines. Nat Rev Neurosci 2006, 7: 137–151.
Hutchinson MR. ‘Convergence’ created psychoneuroimmunology, and is needed again to secure the future of the field. Brain Behav Immun 2018, 71: 1–2.
Dantzer R, O’Connor JC, Freund GG, Johnson RW, Kelley KW. From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 2008, 9: 46–56.
Nie X, Kitaoka S, Tanaka K, Segi-Nishida E, Imoto Y, Ogawa A, et al. The innate immune receptors TLR2/4 mediate repeated social defeat stress-induced social avoidance through prefrontal microglial activation. Neuron 2018, 99: 464–479 e7.
Bachtell R, Hutchinson MR, Wang X, Rice KC, Maier SF, Watkins LR. Targeting the Toll of drug abuse: the translational potential of Toll-like receptor 4. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2015, 14: 692–699.
Kashima DT, Grueter BA. Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency alters nucleus accumbens synaptic physiology and drug reward behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017, 114: 8865–8870.
Theberge FR, Li X, Kambhampati S, Pickens CL, St Laurent R, Bossert JM, et al. Effect of chronic delivery of the Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist (+)-naltrexone on incubation of heroin craving. Biol Psychiatry 2013, 73: 729–737.
Hutchinson MR, Zhang Y, Shridhar M, Evans JH, Buchanan MM, Zhao TX, et al. Evidence that opioids may have toll-like receptor 4 and MD-2 effects. Brain Behav Immun 2010, 24: 83–95.
Sorge RE, Mapplebeck JC, Rosen S, Beggs S, Taves S, Alexander JK, et al. Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice. Nat Neurosci 2015, 18: 1081–1083.
Liu T, Gao YJ, Ji RR. Emerging role of Toll-like receptors in the control of pain and itch. Neurosci Bull 2012, 28: 131–144.
Doyle HH, Murphy AZ. Sex differences in innate immunity and its impact on opioid pharmacology. J Neurosci Res 2017, 95: 487–499.
Alfonso-Loeches S, Pascual M, Guerri C. Gender differences in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity and brain damage. Toxicology 2013, 311: 27–34.
Femenia T, Qian Y, Arentsen T, Forssberg H, Diaz Heijtz R. Toll-like receptor-4 regulates anxiety-like behavior and DARPP-32 phosphorylation. Brain Behav Immun 2018, 69: 273–282.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21DA040777). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, JF., Wu, R. & Li, JX. Toll of Mental Disorders: TLR-Mediated Function of the Innate Immune System. Neurosci. Bull. 35, 771–774 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-018-00335-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-018-00335-8